simple machine

A.      The leader always announces the estimated range to the target. The range is given, so the gunner knows how r to look for the target and what range setting to put on the rear sight. Range is announced in meters. However, since the meter is the standard unit of range measurement, the word meters is not used. With machine guns, the range is determined and announced to the nearest hundred or thousand for example, THREE HUNDRED, or ONE THOUSAND.

A.      The machine guns seldom accompany the maneuver element. The guns primary mission is to provide covering fire. The machine guns are only employed with the maneuver element when the area or zone of action assigned to the assault or company is too narrow to permit proper control of the guns. The machine guns are then moved with the unit and readied to employ on order from the leader and in the direction needing the supporting fire.

A.   Automatic riflemen use assault fire when in close combat. Assault fire involves firing without the aid of sights using the hip, shoulder, and underarm positions. The underarm position is best when rapid movement is required. In all three positions, automatic riflemen adjust their fire by observing the tracer and the impact of the bullets in the target area. Additional considerations for automatic riflemen using assault fire include

A.   When two or more gunners are engaging linear targets, linear targets with depth, or deep targets, they do not engage these targets as they would when visibility is good. With limited visibility, the center and flanks of these targets may not be clearly defined. Therefore, each gunner observes his tracers and covers what he believes to be the entire target.

A.      When machine guns move with the element undertaking the assault, the maneuver element brings the machine guns to provide additional firepower. These weapons are fired from a bipod, in an assault mode, from the hip, or from the underarm position. They target enemy automatic weapons anywhere on the units objective. Once the enemys automatic weapons have been destroyed if there are any, the gunners distribute their fire over their assigned zone or sector. In terms of engagement ranges, the machine gun in the assault engages within meters of its target and frequently at pointblank ranges.

A.   When a pair of gunners engage an enemy target, each gunner is normally responsible for effectively covering one half of the target. The gunners must be prepared to engage the entire target should the other gun go down.

Machine guns should be sited so the maximum number of targets can be engaged, continuous fire can be delivered, and the most likely routes of approach are covered.

Rate of Fire.When gunners engage a target, they initially fire at the rate necessary to gain and maintain fire superiority.

A.      Fire commands do not need not be complete to be effective. In combat, the leader gives only the elements necessary to place fire on a target quickly and without confusion. During training, however, he should use all of the elements to get gunners in the habit of thinking and reacting properly when a target is to be engaged. After the gunners initial training in fire commands, he should be taught to react to abbreviated fire commands, using one of the following methods.

M .mm Armor Piercing.For use against lightlyarmored targets.

A.   This is the space between the muzzle of the weapon and the target where the trajectory does not rise above . meters the average of a standing Soldier that includes the beaten zone. Gunners should consider the danger space of their weapons when planning overhead fires.

A.   Distributed fire is delivered in width and depth such as at an enemy formation. Concentrated fire is delivered at a point target such as an automatic weapon or an enemy fighting position.

Figure A. Application of gunners rule.

Senior squad leader within the platoon. Responsible for all training and employment of the machine guns. The WSLs knowledge, experience, and tactical proficiency influence the effectiveness of the squad.

A.   This section is designed to illustrate the characteristics of machine gun fire, the s of enemy targets that might be engaged, and how to successfully apply machine gun fire on those enemy targets.

A.   Fires with respect to the weapon include fixed, traversing, searching, traversing and searching, swinging traverse, and free gun fires Figure A.

Maintaining alignment with the rest of the assault element.

A.      Initial fire commands are given to adjust onto the target, change the rate of fire after a fire mission is in progress, interrupt fire, or terminate the alert.

Note the point where the new line of aim strikes the ground.

A.   The gunners or leaders knowledge of the machine gun is not complete until he learns about the action and effect of the projectiles when fired. The following definitions will help the leader, gunner, and automatic rifleman understand the characteristics of fire for the platoons machine guns.

WSL or GTL identifies target within gun teams sector

A.   The U.S. Army classifies automatic weapons fires with respect to the ground, target, and weapon.

A.   The gunner ensures throughout his firing that the center of the beaten zone is maintained at the center base of the target for maximum effect from each burst of fire. When this is done, projectiles in the upper half of the cone of fire will pass through the target if it has , and the projectiles in the lower half of the beaten zone may ricochet into the target Figure A.

A.   A good FPL covers the maximum area with grazing fire. Grazing fire can be obtained over various s of terrain out to a maximum of meters. To obtain the maximum extent of grazing fire over level or uniformly sloping terrain, the gunner sets the rear sight at meters. He then selects a point on the ground that he estimates to be meters from the machine gun, and he aims, fires, and adjusts on that point. To prevent enemy soldiers from crawling under grazing fire, he searches downward by lowering the muzzle of the weapon.

A.      The leader must make an estimate of the total amount of ammunition needed to support all the machine guns. He must then adjust the amount of ammunition used for each event to ensure enough ammunition is available for all phases of the operation. Examples of planning rates of fire and ammunition requirements for a platoons machine guns in the attack follow.

WSL identifies sector of fire for gun teams

A.    A sector of fire is an area to be covered by fire that is assigned to an inidual, a weapon, or a unit. Gunners are normally assigned a primary and a secondary sector of fire.

If the gunner is hit by fire, AG/GTL immediately assumes the roll of the gunner.

A.      Adjustments in direction and elevation with the machine gun are always given in meters; one finger is used to indicate meter and so on. Adjustment for direction is given first. For example RIGHT ONE ZERO METERS or LEFT FIVE METERS. Adjustment for elevation is given next. For example ADD FIVE METERS or DROP ONE FIVE METERS. These changes may be given orally or with armandhand signals.

M .mm Ball.M ball ammunition can be fired with the M, but accuracy is degraded. It should therefore only be used in emergency situations when M ball is not available.

A.   In many situations, the leader must issue orders directly to inidual Soldiers. Personal contact is used more than any other method by Inntry leaders. The leader must use maximum cover and concealment to keep from disclosing the position or himself.

A.   Trajectory is the curved path of the projectile in its flight from the muzzle of the weapon to its impact. The major ctors that influence trajectory are the velocity of the round, gravity, rotation of the round, and resistance of the air. As the range to the target increases, so does the curve of trajectory Figure A.

Gun prepare for barrel change.

Shift Fire.Gunners shift their fires without command when more dangerous targets appear.

Figure A. MB machine gun, bipod and tripod mounted.

Defines the sector limits by laying the gun for direction along one sector limit and by emplacing a stake along the outer edge of the folded bipod legs. Rotates the legs slightly on the receiver, so the gunner takes up the play. Uses the same procedure for placing a stake along the opposite sector limit.

A.   Line of sight is an imaginary line drawn from the firers eye through the sights to the point of aim.

A.      The SBF position, not the assault element, is responsible for ensuring there is no masking of fires. The assault element might have to mask the SBF line because they have no choice on how to move. It is the SBF gunners job to continually shift fires, or move gun teams or the weapons squad to support the assault and prevent any masking.

A.      These guns provide sustained direct fires that cover the most likely enemy mounted avenue of approach. Their maximum effective range enables them to engage enemy vehicles and equipment at r greater ranges than the platoons other direct fire weapons.

Lays the machine gun along the FPL by moving the muzzle of the machine gun to a sector limit. Adjusts for elevation by driving a stake into the ground so the top of the stake is under the gas cylinder extension. This allows a few mils of depression to cover irregularities in the terrain.

Slower rate to conserve ammunition sustained rate while still preventing effective return fire as the assault moves forward.

Appendix F Obstacle Reduction and Employment

Lay the gun on the target with the correct sight setting to hit the target.

AG/GTL calls the ammunition bearer if ammunition is needed or actively seeks it out if the ammunition bearer is not available. Constantly updates the WSL on the round count and serviceability of the MB.

A.      Leaders must take into account the SDZ of the machine guns when planning and executing the lift and or shift of the SBF guns. The effectiveness of the enemy on the objective will play a large role in how much risk should be taken with respect to the lifting or shifting of fires.

A.   Gunners have difficulty detecting and identifying targets during limited visibility. The leaders ability to control the fires of his weapons is also reduced; therefore, he may instruct the gunners to fire without command when targets present themselves.

A.      The platoons defense centers on its machine guns. The platoon leader sites the rifle squad to protect the machine guns against the assault of a dismounted enemy formation. The machine gun provides the necessary range and volume of fire to cover the squad front in the defense.

A.      The MK is not organic to the weapons company, not the Inntry platoon, but because there are many times when Inntrymen use it, it is described in this appendix. The MK supports the Soldier in both the offense and defense. It gives the unit the capability of laying down a heavy volume of close, accurate, and continuous fire Figure A. The MK can also

Once on TGT engage.Gunner looks for laser and identifies target.

A.   Plunging fire occurs when there is little or no danger space from the muzzle of the weapon to the beaten zone. It occurs when weapons fire at long range, when firing from high ground to low ground, when firing into abruptly rising ground, or when firing across uneven terrain, resulting in a loss of grazing fire at any point along the trajectory Figure A.

Repeats command. Ceases all fire onto the objective. Maintains overwatch and scans objective until told to reengage or go out of action.

A.   Any fold or depression in the ground that prevents a target from being engaged from a fixed position is termeddead space. Paragraph A discusses methods of determining dead space.

A.      Successful offensive operations result from the employment of fire and movement. Each is essential and greatly depends upon the other. Without the support of covering fires, maneuvering in the presence of enemy fire can result in disastrous losses. Covering fires, especially those that provide fire superiority, allow maneuvering in the offense. However, fire superiority alone rarely wins battles. The primary objective of the offense is to advance, occupy, and hold the enemy position.

Section I Considerations for Employing and Controlling Fire

Figure A. Classes of fire with respect to the gun.

Changes in the rate of fire are given orally or by armandhand signals.

A.      Inntry platoons will normally have an organic weapons squad that consists of a weapons squad leader and two gun teams. Depending on the units organization or the platoons mission, there could be additional machine gun teams attached or organic to the platoon.

M .Caliber AP.For use against armored aircraft and lightlyarmored vehicles, concrete shelters, and other bulletresisting targets.

If second in the gun teams chain of command, he is always fully capable of taking the GTL position.

Without disturbing the lay of the gun, set the rear sight at a range of , meters.

A.    The gunner uses the notchedstake or treecrotch technique with the bipod mount to engage predetermined targets within a sector or to define sector limits. This technique is effective during all conditions of visibility and requires little additional material. The gunner uses the following steps

A.   The gunners rule can be applied when the friendly troops are at least meters in front of the gun position and the range to the target is meters or less Figure A. The rule follows

A.   Using a bipodmounted machine gun, the gunner places a log or board beneath the stock of the weapon so the stock can slide across it freely. He digs shallow, curved trenches or grooves for the bipod feet to allow rotation of the feet as he moves the stock along the log or board. The gunner may mark the sector limits by notching or placing stops on the log or board. The gunner uses the bipod firing position and grip.

A.      Machine guns are suppressive fire weapons used to suppress known and suspected enemy positions. Therefore, gunners cannot be allowed to empty all of their ammunition into one bunker simply because that is all they can identify at the time.

Gun , sustained ‗‗ seconds, engage.

A.   To be effective, machine gun fire must be distributed over the entire target area. Improper distribution of fire results in gaps that allow the enemy to escape or use their weapons against friendly positions without effective opposition.

Classification of Fires With Respect to the Target

A.    The mission is to impose maximum attrition upon the attacking enemy such as lowflying, lowperformance aircraft. Employment of machine guns used for air defense is guided by the following defense design ctors

A.    A final protective fire FPF is an immediatelyavailable, prearranged barrier of fire to stop enemy movement across defensive lines or areas.

A.   Gunners should engage targets only when they can identify the targets, unless ordered to do otherwise. For example, if one gunner detects a target and engages it, the other gunner observes the area fired upon and adds his fire only if he can identify the target or if ordered to fire.

A.   This class of fire is a combination in which successive changes in directionandelevation result in the distribution of fires both in width and depth. It is employed against a target whose long axis is oblique to the direction of fire.

Repeats Gun Tripod and lays down tripod if not done and prepares to lock gun on tripod.

A.   Refer to DA PAM for a more detailed discussion of the SDZs for machine guns.

Mutual Support.When two or more gunners are engaging the same target and one stops firing, the other increases the rate of fire and covers the entire target. When only one gunner is required to engage a target and the leader has alerted two or more, the gunner not firing aims on the target and follows the movements of the target. He does this to fire instantly in case the other machine gun malfunctions or ceases fire before the target has been eliminated.

A.      Machine gun fire has different effects on enemy targets depending on the of ammunition used, the range to target, and the nature of the target. It is important that gunners and leaders understand the technical aspects of the different ammunition available to ensure the machine guns and automatic weapons are employed in accordance with their capabilities. Machine guns and automatic weapons use several different s of standard military ammunition. Soldiers should use only authorized ammunition that is manuctured to U.S. and NATO specifications.

A.      Despite their postCivil War development, modern machine guns did not exhibit their full potential in battle until World War I. Although the machine gun has changed, the role of the machine gun and machine gunner has not. The mission of machine guns in battle is to deliver fires when and where the leader wants them in both the offense and defense. Machine guns rarely, if ever, have independent missions. Instead, they provide their unit with accurate, heavy fires to accomplish the mission.

A.      When fire is to be withheld so surprise fire can be delivered on a target or to ensure that both gunners open fire at the same time, the leader may prece the command to commence firing with AT MY COMMAND or AT MY SIGNAL. When the gunners are ready to engage the target, they report READY to the leader. The leader then gives the command FIRE at the specific time desired. If immediate fire is required, the command FIRE is given without pause and the gunners fire as soon as they are ready.

A.   The M . caliber machine gun is not organic to the Inntry platoon, but as there are many times when Inntrymen use it, it is described in this appendix Figure A.

M .Caliber Incendiary.For incendiary effect, especially against aircraft.

Interrupt or Cease Firing.The leader raises his arm and hand palm outward in front of his forehead and brings it downward sharply.

A.      Battlefield noise and the distance between the gunner and the leader often make it necessary to use armandhand signals to control fire Figure A. When an action or movement is to be executed by only one of the gunners, a preliminary signal is given to that gunner only. The following are commonly used signals for fire control

A.   The cone of fire is the pattern formed by the different trajectories in each burst as they travel downrange. Vibration of the weapon and variations in ammunition and atmospheric conditions all contribute to the trajectories that make up the cone of fire Figure A.

A.   Tracer ammunition helps a gunner engage targets during limited visibility and should be used if possible. It is important to note that in certain circumstances the enemy will have an easy time identifying the machine guns position if the gunner uses tracer ammunition. The need to effectively engage targets must be balanced with the need to keep the guns safe before deciding to employ tracers. If firing unaided, gunners must be trained to fire low at first and adjust upward. This overcomes the tendency to fire high.

A.      Under certain terrain conditions, and for proper control, machine guns may join the maneuver or assault unit. When this is the case, they are assigned a cover fire zone or sector.

A.   Frontal fire occurs when the long axis of the beaten zone is at a right angle to the front of the target. This of fire is highly desirable when engaging a column formation. It then becomes enfilade fire as the beaten zone coincides with the long axis of the target Figures A and A. Frontal fire is not as desirable when engaging a line formation because the majority of the beaten zone normally lls below or after the enemy target.

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Figure A. M machine gun, bipod and tripod mounted.

To terminate the alert, the leader announces CEASE FIRE, END OF MISSION.

Observation.The gunners continuously observe their sectors.

A.   Suce danger zones SDZs were developed for each weapon and are defined as the area in front, back, or side of the muzzle of the weapon that provides a danger to friendly forces when the weapon is fired. The SDZ is not just the area that comprises the cone of fire as it moves downrange. It also involves the possible impact area on both sides of the gun target line and the possible dispersion of material caused by the strike of the rounds, the possible ricochet area, and any area to the rear that is adversely affected by the effects of firing the weapon Figure A.

Table A. Example weapons squad equipment by position.

A.   Read the appropriate FM as shown in Table A for more weaponspecific information on engaging enemy targets with a particular machine gun.

*****Gunners always carry enough CLP for hours of operations.

Lift and shift to targets of opportunity.

Gun out of action, prepare to move.

A.      These guns are not as accurate when mounted on vehicles as they are when fired from the tripodmounted system. They are, however, more easily maneuvered to alternate firing locations should the need arise.

A.    When laying the machine gun for predetermined targets, the gunner can use field expedients as a means of engaging targets when other sources are not available.

**x magnifier, flares, and shift signals are readily accessible at all times.

Barrel change every minute RPM in continuous burst

Primary responsibility is to the gun. Focused on its cleanliness and proper function. Immediately reports any abnormalities to the GTL or WSL.

Once identified, Sector/target identified.

Repeats rate of fire and maintains proper count, telling gunner when to fire. Adjusts rate of fire off of lead gun.

A.      It is essential that the commands delivered by the weapons squad leader are understood and echoed by the assistant gunner/gun team leader and the gunner. Table A provides an example of the weapons squad fire commands and actions used by the weapons squad leader WSL, assistant gunner AG/gun team leader GTL, and gunner.

M mm HE.Comes packed in a round container. It has a wound radius of meters, but lacks the armor piercing capabilities of the HEDP round. It arms to meters from the muzzle.

Provide indirect fires from defilade positions.

A.   Rapid rate of fire places an exceptionally high volume of fire on an enemy position. Machine gunners normally engage targets at the rapid rate to suppress the enemy quickly. Rapid fire requires much more ammunition than sustained fire and requires frequent barrel changes.

A.      Leaders and gunners must know how much ammunition is required to support the different rates of fire each platoon machine gun and assault weapon will require. Coupling this knowledge with an accurate estimate of the length of time and rates of fire their guns are scheduled to fire will ensure enough ammunition resources to cover the entire mission. As part of an example of the planning needed to use MBs in supportbyfire roles, the rates of fire for the MB are listed in Table A.

A.      The weapon squad leader positions and controls the fires of all machine guns in the element. Machine gun targets include key enemy weapons or groups of enemy targets either on the objective or attempting to reinforce or counterattack. In terms of engagement ranges, machine guns in the baseoffire element may find themselves firing at targets within a range of meters. The nature of the terrain, desire to achieve some standoff, and the other ctors of METTTC prompt the leader to the correct tactical positioning of the baseoffire element.

GTL is responsible for his team members and all the gun equipment.

A.   To fire the cyclic rate, the gunner holds the trigger to the rear while the assistant gunner feeds ammunition into the weapon. This is normally only used to engage aerial targets in selfdefense or to fire the final protective fire in the defense to protect the perimeter. This produces the highest volume of fire the machine gun can fire, but can permanently damage the machine gun and barrel and should be used only in case of emergency.

Figure A. Classes of fire with respect to the ground.

Classification of Fires With Respect to the Ground

Drives either a notched stake or tree crotch into the ground where selected targets are anticipated. Places the stock of the machine gun in the nest of the stake or crotch and adjusts the weapon to hit the selected targets and to define his sector limits.

A.   Gunners need to know several terms associated with predetermined fire.

Section II Weapon and Munition Characteristics

A.      The leader may want to place the fire of one machine gun on an enemy machine gun and quickly tells the gunner to fire on that gun.

Look through the sights and notice where the new line of aim strikes the ground. This is the limit of troop safety. When the feet of the friendly troops reach this point, fire must be lifted or shifted.

Lightskinned truck, oclock, m, on my laser.

Section VI Close Air Support and Naval Gunfire

A.      Leaders must know the technical characteristics of their assigned weapon systems and associated ammunition to maximize their killing and suppressive fires while minimizing the risk to friendly forces. Table A lists machine gun specifications and technical data. Read the FMs specific to the machine guns listed in Table A for complete information regarding their technical specifications.

Using binoculars identifies sectors and states, Gun identifies. Adjusts gunner onto target.

A.      Available MK machine gun ammunition is classified as follows Table A.

Responsible for the tripod and TE mechanism. They must always be clean and ready for combat. Responsible for replacing them, if necessary.

A.   Predetermined fires organize the battlefield for the gunners. They allow the leader and gunner to select potential targets or target areas that will most likely be engaged or that have tactical significance. This includes dismounted enemy avenues of approach, likely positions for automatic weapons, and probable enemy assault positions. The gunners do this by using sectors of fire, final protective lines, or a principal direction of fire and selected target areas. This preparation maximizes the effectiveness of the machine gun during good as well as limited visibility. It enhances fire control by reducing the time required to identify targets, determine range, and manipulate the weapon onto the target. Abbreviated fire commands and previouslyrecorded data enable the gunner to aim or adjust fire on the target quickly and accurately. Selected targets should be fired on in daylight whenever practical to confirm data. The range card identifies the targets and provides a record of firing data.

Nightmarks with PEQ/tracerGun , left, center, right sectors on my mark. Do you identify?

A.A correct sight picture has the target, front sight post, and rear sight aligned. The sight picture has sight alignment and placement of the aiming point on the target. The gunner aligns the front sight post in the center of the rear sight and then aligns the sights with the target.The top of the front sight post is aligned on the center base of the target.

A.      Machine gun fire is distributed in width and depth in a defensive position. The leader can use machine guns to subject the enemy to increasingly devastating fire from the initial phases of his attack, and to neutralize any partial successes the enemy might attain by delivering intense fires in support of counterattacks. The machine guns tremendous firepower enables the unit to hold ground. This is what makes them the backbone or framework of the defense.

Watch and shoot or Traverse and search

A.      The leader orally gives the direction to the target in relation to the position of the gunner for example, FRONT, LEFT FRONT, RIGHT FRONT.

Lightskinned truck, oclock, m, on my laser.

A.   Searching distributes fires in depth by successive changes in elevation. It is employed against a deep target or a target that has depth and minimal width, requiring changes in only the elevation of the gun. The amount of elevation change depends upon the range and slope of the ground.

Digs shallow, curved trenches or grooves for the bipod feet. These trenches allow for rotation of the bipod feet as the gunner moves the stock from one crotch or stake to another.

A.      In the offense, Ms target any enemysupporting weapons being fired from fixed positions anywhere on the squads objective. When the enemys supporting weapons have been destroyed, or if there are none, the machine gunners distribute their fire over that portion of the objective that corresponds to their teams position.

A.      The MK is normally vehicle mounted on a pedestal, ring, or weapon platform, but can also be fired from the M tripod. It fires high explosive HE and high explosive, dual purpose HEDP rounds. The HE round is effective against unarmored vehicles and personnel.

Talking the gun teams ensuring one gun fires during the other guns interval and visa versa.

A.      When the gunner is in doubt about any element of the fire command, he replies, SAY AGAIN RANGE, TARGET. The leader then announces THE COMMAND WAS, repeats the element in question, and continues with the fire command.

Determine the range to this point by the most accurate means available.

A.   The beaten zone is the elliptical pattern formed when the rounds within the cone of fire strike the ground or target. The and shape of the beaten zone change as a function of the range to and slope of the target, but is normally oval or cigar shaped and the density of the rounds decreases toward the edges. Gunners and automatic riflemen should engage targets to take maximum effect of the beaten zone. The st way to do this is to aim at the center base of the target. Most rounds will not ll over the target, and any that ll short will create ricochets into the target Figure A.

A.      A mounted platoon might have access to enough machine gun ammunition to support the guns throughout any operation. A dismounted platoon with limited resupply capabilities has to plan for only the basic load to be available. In either case, leaders must take into account key events the guns must support during the mission. They must plan for the rate of machine gun fire needed to support the key events, and the amount of ammunition needed for the scheduled rates of fire.

During firing, pulls rear security and if the gunner comes under enemy fire, provides immediate suppression while the gun moves into new position.

AG/GTL continuously links rounds and gives WSL round count every . Gun , rounds.

Figure A. Example suce danger zone for machine guns.

A.   The machine gun can provide units with a selfdefense capability against hostile lowflying, lowperformance aircraft. These guns are employed in the air defense role as part of the units local defense. The machine guns are not components of an integrated and coordinated air defense system. Unless otherwise directed, hostile aircraft within range of the gun about meters maximum effective range should be engaged. The decision will be made by the commander. Typical targets are surveillance, reconnaissance, and liaison aircraft; troop carriers; helicopters; and drones.

A.      When mounted on the tripod, the M and MK are highly accurate to their maximum effective range and predetermined fires can be planned for likely high pay off targets. The trade off is these weapon systems are relatively heavy, and take more time to move.

A.The extent of grazing fire and the extent of dead space may be determined in two ways. In the preferred method, the machine gun is adjusted for elevation and direction. A member of the squad then walks along the FPL while the gunner aims through the sights. In places where the Soldiers waist midsection lls below the gunners point of aim, dead space exists. Armandhand signals must be used to control the Soldier who is walking and to obtain an accurate account of the dead space and its location. Another method is to observe the flight of tracer ammunition from a position behind and to the flank of the weapon.

Figure A. March column with four machine guns.

A.   A principal direction of fire PDF is assigned to a gunner to cover an area that has good fields of fire or has a likely dismounted avenue of approach. It also provides mutual support to an adjacent unit. Machine guns are sighted using the PDF if an FPL has not been assigned. If a PDF is assigned and other targets are not being engaged, machine guns remain on the PDF. A PDF has the following characteristics

A.      The potential of air and any potential ground attacks on the unit demands every possible precaution for maximum security while on the move. Where this situation exists, the machine gun crew must be thoroughly trained in the hasty delivery of antiaircraft fire and of counterfires against enemy ground forces. The distribution of the machine guns in the formation is critical. The machine gun crew is constantly on the alert, particularly at halts, ready to deliver fire as soon as possible. If the leader expects a halt to exceed a brief period, he carefully chooses machine gun positions to avoid unduly tiring the machine gun crew. If he expects the halt to extend for a long period, he can have the machine gun crew take up positions in support of the unit. The crew covers the direction from which he expects enemy activity as well as the direction from which the unit came. The leader selects positions that permit the delivery of fire in the most probable direction of enemy attack, such as valleys, draws, ridges, and spurs. He chooses positions that offer obstructed fire from any potential enemy locations.

Select a point on the ground where it is believed friendly troops can advance with safety.

Echoes command, starts count. Tells gunner to fire. Keeps count between bursts and ensures gun does not fire out of turn.

A.    The secondary sector of fire is assigned to the gun team to cover the second most likely avenue of enemy approach. It is fired from the same gun position as the primary sector of fire.

Inntry Soldiers tackle urban operations training

n         If it strikes at the selected point, that point marks the limit of safety.

Whether organic to the unit or attached, machine guns provide the heavy volume of close and continuous fire needed to achieve fire superiority. They are the Inntry platoons most effective weapons against a dismounted enemy force. These formidable weapons can engage enemy targets beyond the capability of inidual weapons with controlled and accurate fire. This appendix addresses the capabilities, limitations, and fundamental techniques of fire common to machine guns.

A.   Because of dispersion, only that part of the beaten zone in which percent of the rounds ll is considered the effective beaten zone.

M .Caliber API.For combined armorpiercing and incendiary effect.

Figure A. Classes of fire with respect to the target.

Normally the newest member of the gun team. Must quickly learn everything he can, exert maximum effort at all times, and attempt to outdo his gun team members in every situation.

Figure A. Line of aim and placement of center of beaten zone on target.

Gunner engages target with correct rate of fire.TGT identified.

Aiming low and adjusting the aim upward toward the target.

A.   The method of applying fire to a target is generally the same for either a single gun or a pair of guns. Direct lay is pointing the gun for direction and elevation so the sights are aligned directly on the target. Fire is delivered in width, depth, or in a combination of the two. To distribute fire properly, gunners must know where to aim, how to adjust their fire, and the direction to manipulate the gun. The gunner must aim, fire, and adjust on a certain point of the target. Binoculars may be used by the leader to cilitate fire adjustment.

It is used only if an FPL is not assigned; it then becomes the machine guns part of the units final protective fires.

A.   Predetermined targets, including the FPL or PDF, are engaged on order or by SOP. The signal for calling for these fires is normally stated in the defense order. Control these predetermined targets by using armandhand signals, voice commands, or pyrotechnic devices. Gunners fire the FPL or PDF at the sustained rate of fire unless the situation calls for a higher rate. When engaging other predetermined targets, the sustained rate of fire is also used unless a different rate is ordered.

A.   The available M . caliber machine gun ammunition is classified as follows Table A.

WSL gives gun teams the rate of fire. As long as they are keeping correct interval, they should talk themselves.

GTL leads by example in all areas. He sets the example in all things.

*WSL and AG/GTL load tracer rounds mix in magazines for marking targets.

A.      Machine gun fire from a supportbyfire SBF position must be the minimum possible to keep the enemy from returning effective fire. Ammunition must be conserved so the guns do not run out of ammunition.

The gunner is responsible for the entire wedgeshaped area from the muzzle of the weapon to the target, but elevation may be fixed for a priority portion of the target.

A.    These actions depend upon visual means. The sites selected for the guns must provide maximum observation and unobstructed sectors of fire. Units furnished machine guns in sufficient numbers should site them within mutual support distances of to meters. Each gun is assigned a primary and secondary sector of fire. Weapon crews maintain constant vigilance in their primary sectors of fire, regardless of the sector in which the guns are actually engaged.

A.      In the defense, the medium machine gun provides sustained direct fires that cover the most likely or most dangerous enemy dismounted avenues of approach. It also protects friendly units against the enemys dismounted close assault. The platoon leader positions his machine guns to concentrate fires in locations where he wants to inflict the most damage to the enemy. He also places them where they can take advantage of grazing enfilade fires, standoff or maximum engagement range, and best observation of the target area. Machine guns provide overlapping and interlocking fires with adjacent units and cover tactical and protective obstacles with traversing or searching fires. When final protective fires are called for, machine guns aided by M fires place an effective barrier of fixed, direct fire across the platoon front. Leaders position machine guns to

A.      Once the SBF line is masked by the assault element, fires are shifted and or lifted to prevent enemy withdrawal or reinforcement.

Distributing fires across the objective when not engaging enemy automatic weapons.

Gunner takes gun off tripod, continues to orient towards target on bipod, and prepares to move.

Gun out of action, prepare to move.

A.    An FPL is a predetermined line along which grazing fire is placed to stop an enemy assault. If an FPL is assigned, the machine gun is sighted along it except when other targets are being engaged. An FPL becomes the machine guns part of the units final protective fires. An FPL is fixed in direction and elevation. However, a small shift for search must be employed to prevent the enemy from crawling under the FPL and to compensate for irregularities in the terrain or the sinking of the tripod legs into soft soil during firing. Fire must be delivered during all conditions of visibility.

A.      In the defense, MK and M machine guns may be fired from the vehicle mount or dismounted from the vehicle and mounted on a tripod at a defensive fighting position designed for the weapon system.

A.   The gunner must move his beaten zone in a certain direction over the target. The direction depends on the of target and whether the target is engaged with a pair of guns or a single gun. When engaging targets other than point targets with a pair of guns, the targets are ided so fire is evenly distributed throughout the target area. Fire delivered on point targets or a specific area of other target configurations is called concentrated fire.

A.   Traversing disperses fires in width by successive changes in direction, but not elevation. It is delivered against a wide target with minimal depth. When engaging a wide target requiring traversing fire, the gunner should select successive aiming points throughout the target area. These aiming points should be close enough together to ensure adequate target coverage. However, they do not need to be so close that they waste ammunition by concentrating a heavy volume of fire in a small area.

GTL enforces field discipline while the gun team is employed.

A.      The MK and M can be used as part of the baseoffire element to assist the friendly assault element by suppressing enemy bunkers and lightlyarmored vehicles. Even if ammunition fired from the guns is not powerful enough to destroy enemy vehicles, wellaimed suppressive fire can keep the enemy buttoned up and unable to place effective fire on friendly assault elements. The MK and M are particularly effective in preventing lightlyarmored enemy vehicles from escaping or reinforcing. Both vehicle mounted weapons can fire from a long range standoff position, or be moved forward with the assault element.

A.      The M machine gun is organic to the Inntry platoon and provides rifle squads with a light automatic weapon for employment during assault Figure A. The M can also be used in the machine gun role in the defense or supportbyfire position. The M fires from the bipod, the hip, or from the underarm position. The hip and underarm positions are normally used for closein fire during an assault when the M gunner is on the move and does not have time to set the gun in the bipod position. It is best used when a high rate of fire is needed immediately. Accuracy of fire is decreased when firing from either the hip or shoulder.

M .mm Ball.For use against light materials and personnel.

Lays the machine gun to engage other targets within a sector limit. Done in a primary sector by using the procedure described previously, except he keeps the elevation fixed.

A.   The oral fire control method can be effective, but sometimes the leader may be too r away from the gunner, or the noise of the battle may make it impossible for him to hear. The primary means of the oral fire control method is the issuance of a fire command.

A.      Shift and shut down the weapon squad gun teams one at a time, not all at once. M and mortar or other indirect fire can be used to suppress while the machine guns are moved to where they can shoot.

n         If it strikes short of the selected point, it is safe for troops to advance to the point where the line of aim strikes the ground and to an unknown point beyond. If fire is called for after friendly troops advance rther than the point where the line of aim strikes the ground, this rther point is determined by testing new selected points until the line of aim and the selected point coincide.

A.   When a single gunner is assigned any target he is responsible for covering the entire target.

A.      Fire commands for all directfire weapons follow a pattern that includes similar elements. There are six elements in the fire command for the machine gun alert; direction; description; range; method of fire; and command to open fire. The gunners repeat each element of fire command as it is given.

M .Caliber API Tracer.For combined armorpiercing and incendiary effect, with the additional tracer feature.

Section III Engaging the Enemy without Endangering Friendly Troops

A.   Prearranged signals are either visual or sound signals such as casualtyproducing devices rifle or claymore, pyrotechnics, whistle blasts, or tracers. These signals should be included in SOPs. If the leader wants to shift fire at a certain time, he gives a prearranged signal such as smoke or pyrotechnics. Upon seeing the signal, the gunner shifts his fire to a prearranged point.

A.   Gunners can use overhead fire when there is sufficient low ground between the machine gun and the target area for the maneuver of friendly forces. A machine gun on a tripod is capable of delivering this of fire because of the small and uniform dispersion of the cone of fire. Gunners must accurately estimate range to the target and eslish a safety limit that is an imaginary line parallel to the target where fire would cause casualties to friendly Soldiers. Gun crews and leaders must be aware of this safety limit. Leaders must designate signals for lifting or shifting fires. Gunners should not attempt overhead fires if the terrain is level or slopes uniformly, if the barrel is badly worn, or if visibility is poor.

Oldest barrel parallel strips        Second newest barrel strip       Newest barrelno tape

Return Fire.The gunners return enemy fire without order, concentrating on enemy automatic weapons.

A.    A base stake is used to define sector limits and may provide the lay for the FPL or predetermined targets along a primary or secondary sector limit. This technique is effective in all visibility conditions. The gunner uses the following steps

A.   Application of fire consists of the methods the gunner uses to effectively cover an enemy target area. Training these methods of applying fire can be accomplished only after the weapons squad leader and the gunners have learned how to recognize the different s of targets they may find in combat. They must also know how to distribute and concentrate their fire, and how to maintain the proper rate of fire. Normally, the gunner is exposed to two s of targets in the squad or platoon sector enemy soldiers, and supporting automatic weapons. Leaders must ensure that these targets have priority and that they are engaged immediately.

A.      The leader designates a small or obscure target by pointing with his finger or aiming with a weapon. When he points with his finger, a Soldier standing behind him should be able to look over his shoulder and sight along his arm and index finger to locate the target. When aiming his weapon at a target, a Soldier looking through the sights should be able to see the target. Leaders may also use lasers in conjunction with night vision devices to designate a target to the gunner.

A.   Fires with respect to the ground include grazing and plunging fire.

Repeats command to gunner, ensures gunner lifts fire.

A.   Armandhand signals are an effective fire control method when the gunner can see the leader. All gunners must know the standard armandhand signals. The leader gets the gunners attention and then points to the target. When the gunner returns the READY signal, the leader commands FIRE.

A.      Another way to designate obscure targets is to use easytorecognize reference points. All leaders and gunners must know terrain features and the terminology used to describe them see FM .,Map Reading and Land Navigation. When using a reference point, the word reference precedes its description. This is done to avoid confusion. The general direction to the reference point should be given.

A.   Gunners engage targets throughout their respective sectors. They must know how to effectively engage all s of targets, either inidually or with other gunners.

A.   The and nature of the enemy target determines how machine gun fire is applied. Automatic weapons fire in one of three rates rapid, sustained, or cyclic. The rates of fire for each machine gun are shown in Table A. The situation normally dictates the rate used, but the availability of ammunition and need for barrel changes play important roles as well. The rate of fire must be controlled to adequately cover the target, but not waste ammunition or destroy the barrel.

Check.While firing, the gunners periodically check with the leader for instructions.

Gun , shift fire, target or right/left sector.

Appendix I Improvised Explosive Devices, Suicide Bombers, and Unexploded Ordnance

AG is responsible for all action concerning the gun.

Table A. Example weapons squad fire commands and actions continued.

A.   Fire control includes all actions of the leader and Soldiers in planning, preparing, and applying fire on a target. The leader selects and designates targets. He also designates the midpoint and flanks or ends of a target, unless they are obvious to the gunner. The gunner fires at the instant desired. He then adjusts fire, regulates the rate of fire, shifts from one target to another, and ceases fire. When firing, the gunner should continue to fire until the target is neutralized or until signaled to do otherwise by the leader.

****Binoculars carried in the assault pack or in suile pouch on vest mission dependent.

Defense design should produce an equally balanced defense that is effective in all directions, unless a forced route of approach exists.

A.      This element prepares the gunners for further instructions. The leader may alert both gunners in the squad and may have only one fire, depending upon the situation. To alert and have both gunners fire, the leader announces FIRE MISSION. If he desires to alert both gunners but have only one fire, he announces GUN NUMBER ONE, FIRE MISSION. In all cases, upon receiving the alert, the gunners load their machine guns and place them on FIRE.

A.    The primary sector of fire is assigned to the gun team to cover the most likely avenue of enemy approach from all s of defensive positions.

GTL and his team will be tactically proficient and knowledgeable on this FM and applicable FMs and TMs that apply to the machine gun.

Fire.Gunners open fire without command on appropriate targets that appear within their sectors.

Figure A. MK , mm grenade machine gun, MOD .

C . All Rights Reserved.

A.      This element indicates the general direction to the target and may be given in one or a combination of the following methods.

Army Reserve Soldiers blow doors off urban ops training

M mm HEDP.This is the standard round for the MK and comes packed in either or round ammunition containers. It can penetrate inches of steel armor at zerodegree obliquity and inflict casualties out to meters from impact. It arms within to meters of the gun muzzle.

AG/GTL is always prepared to change the guns barrel spare barrel is always out when the gun is firing. Ensures the hot barrel is not placed on live ammunition or directly on the ground when it comes out of the gun.

n         If it clears the selected point, it is safe for the troops to advance to the selected point and to an unknown point beyond. If it is advantageous to have troops advance beyond the selected point, this rther point must be determined by testing new selected points until the line of aim and the selected point coincide. This point marks the line of safety.

A.   Once the enemy has been suppressed, machine gunners fire at the sustained rate. Sustained fire conserves ammunition and requires only infrequent barrel changes, but it might not be enough volume of fire to effectively suppress or destroy.

A.   DA Form R,Standard Range Card, provides a record of firing data and aids defensive fire planning.

Figure A. Example of ammunition requirement calculation.

A.      This element includes manipulation and rate of fire. Manipulation dictates the class of fire with respect to the weapon. It is announced as FIXED, TRAVERSE, SEARCH, or TRAVERSE AND SEARCH. Rate controls the volume of fire sustained, rapid, and cyclic. Normally, the gunner uses the sustained rate of fire. The rate of fire is omitted from the fire command. The method of fire for the machine gun is usually to round bursts M and to round bursts M/MB.

Classification of Fires With Respect to the Machine Gun

A.   A burst of fire is a number of successive rounds fired with the same elevation and point of aim when the trigger is held to the rear. The number of rounds in a burst can vary depending on the of fire employed.

If necessary for gunner to carry MB ammunition, carries it in on his back so the AG/GTL can access it without stopping the fire of the gun.

A.      Available MB machine gun ammunition is classified as follows Table A.

A.   Free gun fire is delivered against moving targets that must be rapidly engaged with st changes in both direction and elevation. Examples are aerial targets, vehicles, mounted troops, or inntry in relatively close formations moving rapidly toward or away from the gun position. When firing free gun, the weapon is normally fired at the cyclic rate of fire. Free gun fire consumes a lot of ammunition and does not have a beaten zone because each round seeks its own area of impact.

Appendix B ShoulderLaunched Munitions and Close Combat Missile Systems

Gunner echoes round count to ensure it is heard.

A.      Subsequent fire commands are used to make adjustments in direction and elevation, to change rates of fire after a fire mission is in progress, to interrupt fires, or to terminate the alert. If the gunner ils to properly engage a target, the leader must promptly correct him by announcing or signaling the desired changes. When these changes are given, the gunner makes the corrections and resumes firing without further command.

M/M .Caliber Tracer.Aids in observing fire. Secondary purposes are for incendiary effect and for signaling.

A.      Tracer ammunition is a quick and sure method of designating a target that is not clearly visible. When using this method, the leader should first give the general direction to direct the gunners attention to the target area. To prevent the loss of surprise when using tracer ammunition, the leader does not fire until he has given all elements of the fire command except the command to fire. The leader may fire his inidual weapon. The firing of the tracers then becomes the last element of the fire command, and it is the signal to open fire.

Gunner picks up gun and places into tripod. He gets AG/GTL to lock it in. Once locked in, the AG/GTL collapses bipod legs.

Without disturbing the lay of the gun, set the rear sight to , meters or the range to the target plus meters, whichever is the greater of the two ranges. Under no conditions should the sight setting be less than , meters.

A.      The weapons squad consists of a weapons squad leader and machine gun teams. Each machine gun team has a gunner, assistant gunner, and ammunition bearer. In some units the senior member of the gun team is the gunner. In other units the assistant gunner is the senior gun team member who also serves as the gun team leader. Table A illustrates equipment carried by the weapons squad. Table A illustrates the duty positions within the weapons squad and gives possible duty descriptions and responsibilities. The les serve to show possible position and equipment use only. Inidual unit SOPs and available equipment dictate the exact role each weapons squad member plays within his squad.

A.      The target description creates a picture of the target in the minds of the gunners. To properly apply their fire, the Soldiers must know the of target they are to engage. The leader should describe it briefly. If the target is obvious, no description is necessary.

When the target has width, direction is determined by aiming on one edge of the target area and noting the amount of traverse necessary to cover the entire target.

A.   Maximum ordinate is the highest point above the line of sight the trajectory reaches between the muzzle of the weapon and the base of the target. It always occurs at a point about twothirds of the distance from weapon to target and increases with range. Like trajectory, maximum ordinate increases as the range increases Figure A.

Table A. Example weapons squad duty positions and responsibilities.

A.      The leader sites the machine gun to cover the entire sector or to overlap sectors with the other machine guns. The engagement range may extend from over , meters where the enemy begins his assault to pointblank range. Machine gun targets include enemy automatic weapons and command and control elements.

Gun , traverse and search.Repeats command, searches objective for targets of opportunity within sector.Repeats command, searches objective for targets of opportunity in sector. Confirms target with AG/GTL before engaging.Gun , watch and shoot.

A.      The MB is organic to the Inntry platoon. Two machine guns and crews are found in the weapons squad Figure A. The MB can be fired in the assault mode in emergencies, but is normally fired from the bipod or tripod platform. It can also be vehicle mounted. The platoon leader through his weapons squad leader employs his MB machine guns with a rifle squad to provide long range, accurate, sustained fires against dismounted inntry, apertures in fortifications, buildings, and lightlyarmored vehicles. The MB also provides a high volume of shortrange fire in self defense against aircraft. Machine gunners use point, traversing, searching, or searching and traversing fire to kill or suppress targets.

A.      The primary requirement of a suile machine gun position in the defense is its effectiveness in accomplishing specific missions. The position should be accessible and afford cover and concealment. Machine guns are sited to protect the front, flanks, and rear of occupied portions of the defensive position, and to be mutually supporting. Attacking troops usually seek easilytraveled ground that provides cover from fire. Every machine gun should therefore have three positions primary, alternate, and supplementary. All of these positions should be chosen by the leader to ensure his sector is covered and that the machine guns are protected on their flanks.

Sector identified to AG/GTL once he identifies.

A.      A fire command is given to deliver effective fire on a target quickly and without confusion. When the leader decides to engage a target that is not obvious to the squad, he must provide them with the information they need to effectively engage the target. He must alert the Soldiers; give a target direction, description, and range; name the method of fire; and give the command to fire. There are initial fire commands and subsequent fire commands.

Protect motor movements, assembly areas, and supply trains in a bivouac.

Table A. Machine gun specifications continued.

meter above the ground. Grazing fire is employed in the final protective line FPL in defense and is only possible when the terrain is level or uniformly sloping. Any dead space encountered along the FPL must be covered by indirect fire, such as from an M. When firing over level or uniformly sloping terrain, the machine gun MB and M can attain a maximum of meters of grazing fire. The M can attain a maximum of meters. Paragraphs A and A discuss the FPL.

A.   The noise and confusion of battle may limit the use of some of these methods. Therefore, the leader must select a method or combination of methods that will accomplish the mission.

A.      Security includes all command measures to protect against surprise, observation, and annoyance by the enemy. The principal security measures against ground forces include employment of security patrols and detachments covering the front flanks and rear of the units most vulnerable areas. The composition and strength of these detachments depends on the of the main body, its mission, and the nature of the opposition expected. The presence of machine guns with security detachments augments their firepower to effectively delay, attack, and defend, by virtue of their inherent firepower.

A.      In the defense, the M adds increased firepower without the addition of manpower. Characteristically, Ms are light, fire rapidly, and have more ammunition than the rifles in the squad they support. Under certain circumstances, the platoon leader may designate the M machine gun as a platoon weapon.

A.   Flanking fire is delivered directly against the flank of the target. Flanking fire is highly desirable when engaging an enemy line formation. It then becomes enfilade fire as the beaten zone will coincide with the long axis of the target Figures A and A. Flanking fire against an enemy column formation is least desirable because the majority of the beaten zone normally lls before or after the enemy target.

A.      Leaders must calculate the number of rounds needed to support every machine gun throughout all phases of the operation. Ammunition must be allocated for each key event and to support movement with suppressive fires. For example, in the following list, key events are given for a platoon using two MBs in a supportbyfire position. Figure A illustrates steps the leader must take to accurately estimate the ammunition required.

A.      Where the area or zone of action is too wide to allow proper coverage by the platoons organic machine guns, the platoon can be assigned additional machine guns or personnel from within the company. This may permit the platoon to accomplish its assigned mission. The machine guns are assigned a zone or a sector to cover and they move with the maneuver element.

A.      Leaders must carefully plan for the rates of fire to be employed by machine guns as they relate to the mission and the amount of ammunition available. The weapons squad leader must fully understand the mission the amount of available ammunition and the application of machine gun fire needed to fully support all key events of the mission. Planning will ensure the guns do not run out of ammunition.

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A.   SDZs were developed primarily for ranges and must be complied with when training, but they should also be complied with in combat when possible to minimize risk to friendly forces.

Gunner echoes command, also counts and fires when AG/GTL gives command to fire.

A.      There are distinct phases of rates of fire employed by the base of fire element

A.      In the offense the platoon leader has the option to eslish his base of fire element with one or two machine guns, the M light machine gun, or a combination of the weapons. The platoon sergeant or weapons squad leader may position this element and control its fires when the platoon scheme of maneuver is to conduct the assault with the Inntry squads. The MB machine gun, when placed on a tripod, provides sility and accuracy at greater ranges than the bipod, but it takes more time to maneuver the machine gun should the need arise. The machine gunners target key enemy weapons until the assault element masks their fires. They can also be used to suppress the enemys ability to return accurate fire, or to hamper the maneuver of the enemys assault element. They fix the enemy in position and isolate him by cutting off his avenues of reinforcement. They then shift their fires to the flank opposite the one being assaulted and continue to target any automatic weapons that provide enemy support, and engage any enemy counterattack. MB fires also can be used to cover the gap created between the forward element of the friendly assaulting force and terrain covered by indirect fires when the indirect fires are lifted and shifted. On signal, the machine gunners and the baseoffire element displace to join the assault element on the objective.

Repeats Gun Bipod and identifies location for gun.

M .mm Ball.For use against light materials and personnel, but not vehicles.

Ready.The gunner indicates that he is ready to fire by yelling UP or having the assistant gunner raise his hand above his head toward the leader.

Marks sector same as above.Echoes command to shift; identifies new target/sector. Adjusts gunner, alerts WSL once the gunner has shifted.Gunner echoes command, makes necessary adjustment, acquires new target. Confirms with AG/GTL that all is OK. Engages new sector when told.Echoes command with AG/GTL. Shift fire to TGT __.

A.   Gunners and automatic riflemen achieve oblique fire when the long axis of the beaten zone is at an angle other than a right angle to the front of the target Figures A and A.

Provide high volumes of fire into an engagement area EA.

A.    This technique is used with the bipod or tripod mount to mark sector limits and engage wide targets. It is good for all visibility conditions and is best suited for flat, level terrain. The gunner uses the following steps.

Machine guns used to defend march columns should be interspersed in the convoy, with emphasis on the lead and rear elements Figure A.

Table A. Example weapons squad fire commands and actions.

A.      The accomplishment of the platoons mission demands efficient and effective machine gun crews. Leaders consider the mission and organize machine guns to deliver firepower and fire support to any area or point needed to accomplish the assigned mission.

A.   The length of the beaten zone for any given range will vary according to the slope of the ground. On rising ground, the beaten zone becomes shorter but remains the same width. On ground that slopes away from the gun, the beaten zone becomes longer but remains the same width.

A.   Swinging traverse fire is employed against targets that require major changes in direction but little or no change in elevation. Targets may be dense, wide, in close formations moving slowly toward or away from the gun, or vehicles or mounted troops moving across the front. If tripod mounted, the traversing slide lock lever is loosened enough to permit the gunner to swing the gun laterally. When firing swinging traverse, the weapon is normally fired at the cyclic rate of fire. Swinging traverse consumes a lot of ammunition and does not have a beaten zone because each round seeks its own area of impact.

A.   Gunners targets in combat are normally enemy troops in various formations or displacements, which require distribution and concentration of fire. These targets often have both width and depth, and the application of machine gun fire is designed to completely cover the area in which the enemy is known or suspected to be. These targets may be easy to see or may be indistinct and difficult to locate. The of the target, stated in terms of the number of aiming points required to engage it completely, determines its .

A.   Using a tripodmounted machine gun, the gunner places a log or board beneath the barrel, positioning it so the barrel, when resting on the log or board, is at the proper elevation to obtain grazing fire. When appropriate, he marks the sector limits as described for the bipod in the preceding paragraph. This technique is used only if a TE mechanism is not available.

A.   As the range to the target increases, the beaten zone becomes shorter and wider. Conversely, as the range to the target decreases, the beaten zone becomes longer and narrower Table A.

Concentrate fires where they want to kill the enemy.

A.   When the range to the target is greater than meters, overhead fire should be delivered only in an emergency. Even then, fire should only extend to a range at which the tracers or strike of the bullets can be seen by the gunner. In this situation the leaders rule applies Figure A. The platoon or section leader uses the leaders rule only when the target is greater than meters. The rule follows

M .mm Tracer.Generally used for adjustments after observation, incendiary effects, and signaling. When tracer rounds are fired, they are normally mixed with ball ammunition in a ratio of four ball rounds to one tracer round.

Gun barrel change.Fires one more burst.

Lay the gun on the target with the correct sight setting to hit the target.

.   Fires with respect to the target include enfilade, frontal, flanking, and oblique fire Figures A,

Figure A. Application of leaders rule.

M .mm Tracer.M tracer ammunition can be fired with the M, but accuracy is degraded. It should therefore only be used in emergency situations when M ammunition is not available.

The AB is the rifleman/equipment bearer for the gun team.

A.   When using the range card method of fire control, the leader must ensure all range cards are current and accurate. Once this is accomplished, the leader may designate certain targets for certain weapons with the use of limiting stakes or with fire commands. He should also designate nofire zones or restricted fire areas to others. The key ctor in this method of fire control is that gunners must be well disciplined and pay attention to detail.

A.   Fixed fire is delivered against a stationary point target when the depth and width of the beaten zone will cover the target with little or no manipulation needed. After the initial burst, the gunners will follow any change or movement of the target without command.

Repeats AG/GTL command. Once done, Gun up.

If need to know round count, prompt Gun , round count.

Increased rate as the assault nears the objective.

GTL assists the WSL on the best way to employ the MB.

A, and A. These targets are normally presented to gun teams by the enemy and must be engaged as they are presented. For instance, if the enemy presents its flank to the gun crew as it moves past their position from the left or right, the gun crew will have no choice but to employ flanking fire on the enemy.

A.   Defilade positions protect gunners from frontal or enfilading fires Figure A. Cover and concealment may not provide the gunner a view of some or all of the target area. In this instance, some other member of the platoon must observe the impact of the rounds and communicate adjustments to the gunner Figure A. Gunners and leaders must consider the complexity of laying on the target. They must also take into account the gunners inability to make rapid adjustments to engage moving targets, the ease with which targets are masked, and the difficulty in achieving grazing fires for an FPL.

A.   SOPs are actions to be executed without command that are developed during the training of the squads. Their use eliminates many commands and simplifies the leaders fire control. SOPs for certain actions and commands can be developed to make gunners more effective. Some examples follow

AG/GTL is a team leader with the responsibilities of a fire team leader.

Commence Firing or Change Rate of Firing.The leader brings his hand palm down to the front of his body about waist level, and moves it horizontally in front of his body. To signal an increase in the rate of fire, he increases the speed of the hand movement. To signal slower fire, he decreases the speed of the hand movement.

Always carries the necessary tools for the gun to be properly cleaned, along with a sufficient amount of oil for the guns proper function.

A.   Enfilade fire occurs when the long axis of the beaten zone coincides or nearly coincides with the long axis of the target. It can be frontal fire on an enemy column formation or flanking fire on an enemy line formation.This is the most desirable class of fire with respect to the target because it makes maximum use of the beaten zone.Leaders and gunners should always strive to position the guns to the extent possible that they can engage enemy targets with enfilade fire Figures A and A.

A.   Leaders and gunners should strive at all times to position their gun teams where they can best take advantage of the machine guns beaten zone with respect to an enemy target. Channeling the enemy by use of terrain or obstacles so they approach a friendly machine gun position from the front in a column formation is one example. In this situation, the machine gun would employ enfilade fire on the enemy column, and the effects of the machine guns beaten zone would be much greater than if it engaged that same enemy column from the flank.

Other Signals.The leader can devise other signals to control his weapons. A detailed description of armandhand signals is given in FM .

A.   Techniques of fire include assault fire; overhead fire; and fire from a defilade position. Only automatic rifles use assault fire.

A.      All vocal commands from the leaders to change the rates of fire are accompanied simultaneously by handandarm signals.

A.      Machine guns in the SBF role should be set in and assigned a primary and alternate sector of fire as well as a primary and alternate position.

Defend against hovering rotary aircraft.

A.      Available M ammunition is classified as follows Table A.

M .Caliber Ball.For use against enemy personnel and light material targets.

Initial heavy volume rapid rate to gain fire superiority.

WSL changes gun teams sector of fire or shift fire

M .mm Tracer.For observation of fire, incendiary effects, signaling, and for training. When tracer rounds are fired, they are normally mixed with ball ammunition in a ratio of four ball rounds to one tracer round.

Repeats rate of fire command, keeps own count. Fires when told to fire. Adjusts rate of fire off of lead gun.

Lift fire, lift fire, lift fire. Or

When the gun is firing, AG/GTL spots rounds and makes corrections to the gunners fire. Also watches for friendly troops to the flanks of the target area or between the gun and the target.

Follows the gunner without hesitation. During movement moves to the right side of the gunner and no more than one meters rush away from the gun.

NOTESoldiers must be aware that with the night vision device, temporary blindness white out may occur when firing tracer ammunition at night or when exposed to other external light sources. Lens covers may reduce this effect.

***Spare barrels marked by relative age with ¼ pieces of green tape on carrying handle.

A.      When the leader makes an error in the initial fire command, he corrects it by announcing CORRECTION, and then gives the corrected element. When the leader makes an error in the subsequent fire command, he may correct it by announcing CORRECTION. He then repeats the entire subsequent fire command.

A.   Automatic weapons achieve grazing fire when the center of the cone of fire does not rise more than

A.      The machine gun delivers an accurate, highvolume rate of lethal fire on irly large areas in a brief time. When accurately placed on the enemy position, machine gun fires secure the essential element of fire superiority for the duration of the firing. Troops advancing in the attack should take full advantage of this period to maneuver to a vorable position from where they can cilitate the last push against the enemy. In addition to creating enemy casualties, machine gun fire destroys the enemys confidence and neutralizes his ability to successfully engage the friendly maneuver element.

To interrupt firing, the leader announces CEASE FIRE, or he signals to cease fire. The gunners remain on the alert. They resume firing when given the command FIRE.

Gunner makes necessary adjustments, tells AG/GTL whether he identifies or not. Engages or makes further adjustments.

Echoes rate of fire Sustained __ seconds.

GTL assists the WSL in all areas. He advises him of any problems either tactical or administrative.

Change Direction or Elevation.The leader extends his arm and hand in the new direction and indicates the amount of change necessary by the number of fingers extended. The fingers must be spread so the gunner can easily see the number of fingers extended. Each finger indicates meter of change for the weapon. If the desired change is more than meters, the leader extends his hand the number of times necessary to indicate the total amount of change. For example,right ninewould be indicated by extending the hand once with five fingers showing and a second time with four fingers showing for a total of nine fingers.

Appendix D Vehicle Employment Considerations

There are large boring mills installed at KM. The smallest is Machine , a Mitsubishi MHT /. This machine has a pallet of . meters X . meters. The axis travel is . meters in X, . meters in Y, . meters in Z. Machine is shown in Picture . The largest boring mill at KM is Machine , a PAMA Speedram /. This machine has a rotary le and two fixed les. The rotary le measures meters X meters. The two fixed les are meters X meters and meters X meters. The axis travel is meters in X, . meters in Y, meters in Z. Picture is M, KM smallest large boring mill. Picture is M, KMs largest boring mill.

K M MachineFabricating, Inc. in Cassopolis is proud to announce their Earl G. Marhanka Scholarship winners for the ll of . This scholarship program was eslished in in recognition of K Ms th anniversary and in honor of the entrepreneurial spirit of its founder, Mr. Earl G. Marhanka. To date, over , []

Inprocess dimensions for large brications are measured and recorded in KMs quality system. Large brications are welded at KM using the FCAW, GMAW orSAWwelding process. KM welders are certified to AWS D.. KM has two robotic welding machines and two SAW welding machines along with manual welding stations with constant voltage and automatic wire feed. Picture shows KMs tandem wire robot welding in the head stock / tail stock station. Picture shows KMs tandem wire robot welding in the positioner station.

Figure Large Horizontal Machining Centers

This is the first in a series of articles that will explore the process controls that are used by contract manucturers that specialize in large machining and large brications.  The focus is on the process controls that may be different for a contract manucturer of large machining and large brications.  The intended audience includes buyers, []

KM MachineFabricating Inc. has a complete brication cility ready to handle your large and heavy brication needs. Our large brication and large welding capabilities start with steel plate procurement and include burning, forming, premachining, welding, blasting, heat treat, UT ultrasonic, MT magnetic particle, PT die penetrant inspection, paint, final machining and final inspection. KM can handle brications that weigh up to tons.

Large CNC Machining Of Steel Casting Custom Head for Tight Clearance Milling

OPEN POSITION CMM and LASER Technician

Large steel castings can be subject to inclusions or structural anomalies.  These inclusions can cause high tool wear and even catastrophic tool ilure.  The need to machine  mm diameter holes mm deep into a large steel casting with a high frequency of inclusions provided an opportunity to test various tooling solutions.  High feed milling []

KM burns steel plate using a laser burner and a plasma / oxyfuel burner. Plate up to mm thick can be burned in house. KM utilizes outside suppliers for burnouts thicker than mm. Burnouts for large brications frequently require secondary operations such as beveling, forming, or machining. Beveling is performed in house at KM. Forming operations utilize KMs ton brake press, or those operations are outsourced. Machining of component parts is completed inhouse at KM. Component parts are blasted at KM prior to welding to remove scale and rust. KMs laser burner is shown in Picture , the plasma / oxyfuel burner is shown in Picture

KM can complete your large component outsourcing project by performing assembly operations. We have experience with assembly for the mining, construction and locomotive industries.  Services include assembly of hydraulic lines, valves, and fittings, assembly of bearings, bushings and other components.  When KM performs assembly operations for you a large component can come to your cility or to your customers cility in the state of completion that works best for your process or your customers process.

View Detailed Information about KMs Fabricating Capabilities

Picture Machine Base Fabricated, Machined, Painted and Inspected

There are large vertical gantry mills installed at KM for large machining. The right  vertical gantry mill is chosen for each job at KM. This results in the lowest machining cost for each job. Machine is KMs smallest vertical gantry mill. It is a Mitsubishi MVR. This machine has a le of meters X meters. X axis travel is . meters, Y axis travel is meters and Z travel is . meters. Machine is KMs large vertical gantry mill. It is a SNK HFM. The le is . meters X meters. X axis travel is meters, Y axis travel is . meters and Z axis travel is . meters. Machine is shown in Picture . Machine is shown in Picture .

KM has a large CMM and a Faro laser tracker. These inspection tools can provide dimensional inspection of large brications. KM has a complete machining cility capable of machining any large brication that KM manuctures. Picture shows a large brication for the machine tool industry. This large brication was bricated, machined, painted and inspected at KM.

View Detailed Information about KMs CNC Machines

No large machining or large brication job is complete until final dimensional inspection results are documented. KM has invested in the inspection equipment needed to insure that large machining and large brications meet customer requirements. KM has a large CMM Coordinate Measuring Machine capable of measuring parts as large as meters X . meters X . meters. For larger parts KM has a Faro Laser Tracker. The Faro Laser Tracker is capable of measuring any large machining or large brication part that KM can produce. KM has a large selection of manual gages that are used for inprocess and final inspection measurements. All gages and inspection equipment are calibrated and traceable to the appropriate national standards. KM is ISO certified. Picture shows the large CMM in action.

Large Machining of Large Bores Machining, Measurement, Data Collection, Traceability and Data Retention

There are large horizontal machining centers installed at KM for large CNC machining. The right  horizontal machining center is chosen for each job at KM. This results in the lowest machining cost for each job. Machine is KMs smallest horizonal machining center. It is a Niigata HND. This machine has two pallets that measure . meters X . meters each. X axis travel is . meters, Y axis travel is . meters and Z travel is meters. Machine is KMs largest horizontal machining center. It is a PAMA Speedmat /. This machine has two pallets that measure meters X . meters each. X axis travel is . meters, Y axis travel is meters, and Z axis travel is . meters. Machine is shown in Picture . Machine is shown in Picture .

Economical and accurate machining of large components can be achieved using large CNC machines and the machining technique.  This article will examine machining and relate the economical and quality benefits in terms of lean manucturings seven forms of wastes. machining refers to the use of a axis CNC machine in a []

Process Controls for Contract Manucturers of Large Machining and Large Fabrications Part One Customer Supplier Intece

Modern Machine Shop Magazinedefines large part machining as the machining of any part that is too large to be moved by a single person or too large to fit in the work envelope of the most common CNC machines. KMs large CNC machining capabilities include parts as large as meters by meters by meters and tons. It is always beneficial to machine a part in as few setups as possible to reduce variation, setup time, handling time, and load and unload time. This varation and these times are waste, which add no value to the customer. This is especially true with large CNC machining where these ctors can contribute hours to cycle time and throughput time. KMs solution to high quality and cost effective large part machining is to machine a part complete in as few setups as possible, ideally in one setup, on a machine whose closely matches the part . This is accomplished with an equipment list that includes several s of large boring mills, large gantry mills, and large machining centers that are equipped with right angle heads, univeral heads, spindle extensions, and probes. KM matches the machine and machine to the part , part features, and production quantity. This means that each part is machined on the lowest cost machine that is capable of producing the part, while still meeting the objective of minimizing setups and waste.

Are you a buyer of large CNC machining capacity in the state of Michigan?  Do you need to know the quantity and of large CNC machines that are available for outsourcing in the state of Michigan?  Research on the top companies in Michigan as ranked by a Google search for Large Machining Michigan and []

At KM we are experts in three things. Large machining, large brication, and the pursuit of Zero for our customers. The pursuit of Zero for our customers means zero production headaches, zero production delays, and zero tolerance for errors. Our capabilities also include burning and assembly. KMs serves customerFigure s in the Oil Gas, Power Generation, Wind Power, Machine Tool, Mining, Construction, Agriculture, and Locomotive Industries.

Spending on new metal working equipment in the US is projected to increase by . Billion in according to Gardner Research . How does the manucturer of machine tools in the United States take advantage of this growth? This is an important question for machine tool design engineers and purchasing managers. The end user []

Up to meters x . meters x meters and up to tons

High Feed Milling Large Steel Castings Dont Let Casting Inclusions Disrupt Your Supply Chain

KM has multiple horizontal machining centers in each class. This means that there is redundant capacity to accommodate multiple jobs or multiple customers in each machine . The redundant capacity translates into ster through put times for the customer. Figure defines the machine group s and the number of horizontal machining centers that KM has in each group.

K M Scholarship Recipients Fall

Picture Robot Headstock / Tailstock

KMs brication and machining cilities combine to give our customers a one stop solution for their large brication needs. KM can handle the entire brication from raw material procurement through brication, heat treat, paint, machining and final inspection.

Machine Operators will produce parts to print on large stateofart capacity CNC Horizontal Boring Mills and Vertical Machining Centers.  Requirements include related CNC machining experience or education in the field. Overhead crane operating experience is a plus.  KM manuctures some of the largest components you will find.  If you are looking for a challenging []

Fabrication begins with steel plate procurement to the customers steel specification. KM procures plate steel from several certified steel suppliers. The steel material certification is provided to KM along with the incoming steel. The material certification is documented in the KM quality system and is traceable to each component part and final part of every large brication that KM produces. Traceability is maintained throughout KMs manucturing processes.

Large Fabrications and large castings often require machining of large bores.  The large machining contract supplier must have machines, tools, gages, processes and data collection systems in place to machine close tolerance large bores to the customers requirement. Large bores can be machined on a horizontal boring mill or on a vertical gantry mill.  There []

Large CNC Machining, Lean Manucturing and the Seven Forms of Waste

Cast vs. Fabricated Machine Tool Structure Design Impact on Supply Chain Design

KM has the right boring mill for your large machining work. As a direct result of utilizing the right machine, the customer is paying for machining time on a machine that is large enough for the job, but no larger. KM has multiple large boring mills in each group. This means that there is redundant capacity to accommodate multiple jobs or multiple customers in each machine . The redundant capacity translates into ster throughput times for the customer. Figure defines the machine group s and the number of large boring mills that KM has in each group.

Picture Tandem Wire Robot Positioner

The CMM Laser Programmer/Operator completes accurate inspections and measurements of large heavy metal machined, bricated, and welded parts to confirm compliance with customer part specifications and quality standards using Coordinate Measuring Machines CMM and Laser Tracker Machine as well as other technical equipment and visual inspection processes. This position requires a minimum of three []

View Detailed Information about KMs CNC Machines

KM uses internal and third party resources to complete required weld inspections. MT magnetic particle, PT die penetrant, and UT ultrasonic inspections are preformed to insure quality welds are delivered.

Large CNC machining of large steel casting and large steel brications frequently requires milling operations in tight spaces where a standard right angle head attachment will not fit.  In these cases it is necessary for the machining supplier to purchase a custom right angle head small enough to fit into the available space.  Right angle []

How Large Is Large? Survey of Large CNC Machining In Michigan

KM has AWS certified welding inspectors CWI and degreed welding engineers on staff. Welding process development and documentation is a critical part of large brication welding. KMs engineering processes insure that the proper welding procedure is tested and documented to meet AWS and customer requirements. Welder continuity logs are maintained as part of the quality system. Periodic layered processes audits and welder technique audits are preformed to insure that approved welding processes are followed.

Large brications are tacked at KM in part specific fixtures or on layout les. Fixtures for production jobs are designed and built at KM. These fixtures are used to reduce tack time and to insure dimensional repeaility. For low volume jobs or jobs that are too large for fixtures to be practical the tack operation is done on a layout le. Picture shows a brication being tacked on a layout le. Picture shows a large brication in a tack fixture.

Stress relief or heat treat is often a requirement on large brications. KM has multiple local sources for heat treat. These sources are able to document the heat treat cycle on each brication to satisfy customer requirements.

KM has a paint booth and is able to paint large brications to meet customer specific requirements.

View Detailed Information about KMs CNC Machines

KM has multiple vertical gantry mills in each group. This means that there is redundant capacity to accommodate multiple jobs or multiple customers in each machine . The redundant capacity translates into ster throughput times for the customer. Figure defines the machine group s and the number of large vertical gantry mills that KM has in each group.

To see or feel slime in your dream represents your inability to place your trust in someone. The dream may be a metaphor for some one is a slimeball.

To dream that you are inside the snow globe suggests that you are feeling stuck in your life. You feel that you are in a rut doing the same thing and going to the same places. Alternatively, the dream means that you are not expressing your emotions. You are keeping too much inside and as a result, you are feeling trapped.

To dream that you are a sommelier represents your role in someone elses decision process. You are good at offering your advice to others.

To dream that a snake is being beheaded indicates that there is an issue that you are not confronting. You are refusing to ce your fears.

To dream that you are in the South Pole represents the challenges and hardships in your waking life and your ability to endure it all.

Dreaming of a snake that is eating people signifies ruthlessness. Perhaps you are dealing with someone in your waking life who shows no mercy or sympathy.

To dream that you are sorry parallels waking feelings of regret or remorse. Some residual feelings that you have when you are awake can often express themselves in your dream, especially if it is weighing on your mind. Alternatively, the dream may be giving you a nudge to say sorry to someone.

To dream that you live in the South Pole symbolizes your survival skills.

To dream that your soul is leaving your body represents your feelings of selfguilt. You may have compromised your own beliefs and values. Perhaps you are feeling numb and out of touch with those around you. It is time to change some vital part of your waking life in order to feel fully alive and whole again.

To dream that you are wearing a snowsuit means that you are trying to protect yourself from negativity. You are shielding yourself from anymore emotional hurt. Alternatively, the dream highlights your physical limitations and boundaries.

*****Go toCommon Dreams Snake Dreamsfor further analysis.See The Meaning In Action Two Snakes, Snakes Everywhere!, Raining Snakes Snakes Jumping At Me

To dream that you are skying represents your high ideals. Sometimes you need to compromise your ideals and be more realistic of your expectations.

To dream that you live in the slums indicates your negative outlook, deteriorating thoughts and crumbling ideals. You are feeling sorry for yourself and letting your own negative thinking take over your frame of mind. Alternatively, the dream suggests that you have poor self or poor health.

To dream that you are moving in slow motion suggests that you are feeling powerless, anxious or frustrated. You are currently going through a hard time in your waking life and experiencing tremendous stress, which is almost immobilizing you.

To dream that you are sledding represents your funloving personality and openminded perspectives on life.

To see slate in your dream symbolizes possibilities, potential, information and knowledge. You are open to criticism, ideas and opinions.

To dream that you are playing or watching softball indicates that you need to stay within your own limits and capabilities. Dont overdo things. Alternatively, softball symbolizes relationships and how the masculine aspects shape of the bat are in opposition to the feminine aspects ball.

If you are a man and dream that you are wearing a skirt, then it indicates that you need to acknowledge the emotional aspects of your personality.

To dream that your nose is full of snot implies that you are being stuffy, unyielding and rigid. If you try, but cannot get the snot out of your nose, then it means that you are unable to be your true self. Something or someone is restricting you from fully expressing yourself.

To smell a skunk or to dream that the skunk is spraying indicates fear. Someone in your waking life may be threatened by you especially if you are being sprayed by the skunk. Alternatively, the dream means that it is time to confront your repressed anger.

To dream that you are sneaking around indicates that you are feeling ashamed of your actions or are lacking selfconfidence in achieving your goals. If dream that you are sneaking around with somebody, then it implies that you feel others are not supportive of the relationship. If you are sneaking into someones personal property, then it points to your insecurities.

To dream that you are smuggling something indicates that you are trying to claim what you feel is rightfully yours. Alternatively, the dream means that you are feeling locked out or denied of something. Consider what you are smuggling for additional significance.

To taste something sour in your dream refers to some resentment in your emotional state of mind.The dream may be analogous to a relationship that is going sour.

To dream that you are using smelling salts suggests that you need to pay attention to or focus on some goal or urgent matter. If the smelling salts are not working on you or they have the opposite effect, then it means that you are refusing to acknowledging some truth or issue that is right in front on you.

Tosee a skeleton key refers to old emotions or memories that you have stored or locked away.

To see a sled in your dream signifies childishness.

To dream of the summer solstice symbolizes abundance and fertility. It also represents enlightenment. Perhaps you have more clarity on a problem or situation that has been bothering you.

If you dream that the slot machine is broken or malfunctioning, then it means that you are feeling emotionally or financially drained.

To dream that you are wearing a skirt represents the signals and hidden messages that you are conveying or sending out. It also symbolizes femininity and your sense of uality. The dream may also be a metaphor on an issue that you are skirting around over and not confronting head on.

To dream that you are in or join a sorority signifies personal growth and social changes that you are experiencing in your life. You need to expand your awareness and knowledge. The dream is also symbolic of the bounds of sisterhood and togetherness. If you are in a sorority in your waking life, then the dream may just be a reflection of the waking relationship and bear no special significance.

To dream that you are watching the snow ll represents a clean start and a fresh, new perspective.It is indicative of spiritual peace and tranquility.

To see or ride on a snowmobile in your dream indicates that you are taking advantage of the opportunities made available to you while they last. Alternatively, the dream suggests that you are confronting your repressed emotions.

To see or slaughter an animal in your dream signifies a loss or an end to an aspect of yourself. Consider the significance of the animal being slaughtered. If you dream that a lamb is being slaughtered, then it represents a loss of innocence. If a pig is being slaughtered, then it signifies an end to your greedy or lazy nature.

To dream that you or someone is snowboarding indicates that you are overcoming your fears. You are utilizing your skills.

To dream that you are walking on slippery ground indicates a lack of progress in some endeavor. You need to rethink your course. Alternatively, it symbolizes caution. You need to be careful in what you say and do; otherwise you might get yourself into trouble.

Todream that you are sleepwalking suggests that you are feeling emotionally detached from others. You are out of touch with what is happening around you. Alternatively, the dream means that you are stuck in a routine where you are doing things by rote. There is a lack of excitement and energy in your life. You are just going through the motions.

To see a socket in your dream suggests that you need to reenergize and revitalize yourself. Alternatively, the dream may be a pun on sock it. Is there something or someone that you want to take out your aggression on?

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To dream that you are eating a live snake indicates that you are looking for intimacy or ual fulfillment. Your life is lacking sensuality and passion. If you vomit or throw up the snake, then it may mean that you are overcompensating for something that is lacking in your life. You may be rushing into something.

To dream that your skin is orange signifies selflove. You are content with who you are.

To dream that you are being slandered indicates that you are reevaluating your own values and questioning identity.

To see someone depicted as a skeleton signifies that your relationship with them is long dead.

To dream that you slip on something suggests that you are forcing yourself to do something that you do not really want to do.

If you dream that you find snakes in every hotel room, then it means that you are moving toward a questionable or risky direction in your life.

To notice your sleeves in your dream suggests that you need to protect yourself against your adversaries or haters out there. The dream may also be a metaphor that you need to roll up your sleeves and prepare for some hard work ahead.

To see or dream that you are in space represents exploration and independent thinking. You are broadening your horizons and view. Alternatively, the dream may be a metaphor that you are spacing out. You need to return your concentration back on your future and goals. Or the dream may be a pun on your need for more space in a relationship or situation.

To dream that you switch souls with your friend implies that you are not accepting yourself as you are. You drive yourself crazy comparing yourself to others and as a result, you suffer from low selfesteem.

To perform a ski jump in your dream represents a new project or relationship that is taking off quickly. How you land is indicative of the degree of success of the project or relationship. If you tumble, then it means that you need to slow down. If you land gracefully, then you need to stay the course and keep on the track. If you go down the ski jump without skis, then it suggests that you are not completely ready for the task ahead. You are unprepared. This may also be a variation of aflying dream.

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To see or install a skylight in your dream represents enlightenment. You are receiving guidance from a higher source. The dream also highlights your connection to your spirituality.

Dreaming of someone slapping someone else implies that you are not taking responsibility or stepping up to resolve issues that concern you in your waking life. You tend to watch things happen instead of taking control.

To dream that you are skating on ice indicates satisction witha current project. Consider also the phrase skating on thin ice to suggest that you may be on the verge of overstepping your boundaries or taking certain risks in your waking life.

Tosee or take a sleeping pill in your dream indicates that you are choosing to be ignorant about a situation. You are not taking a proactive approach to lifes decisions and are refusing to see the reality of things. Alternatively, the dream may mean that you are determined to make a fresh new start for yourself.

To see software in your dream represents your personality traits, behaviors and habits. Consider the of software. If you dream that you are installing or downloading software into your computer, then signifies your ability to adapt to a new way of thinking of a different way of doing things. Alternatively, the dream may be a ual innuendo for the penis.

To see a snowman in your dream suggests that you are emotionally cold or frigid. Perhaps you have been a little coldhearted and insensitive. Alternatively, a snowman is symbolic of playfulness, holiday cheer and time of togetherness.

To dream that you are skipping suggests that you need to be more lighthearted. You may need to take a friendlier approach toward a situation. Alternatively, the dream may be a metaphor that you have skipped something important.

To see Sleeping Beauty in your dream symbolizes eternal beauty. The dream may also be trying to tell you that you are oblivious to some situation. There is something that you are completely overlooking.

To see a smiley ce in your dream symbolizes approval and validation of your actions. The dream symbol is providing you with reassurance that you are on the right track.

To see or dream that you are a sorcerer represents your talents, inner strengths, and creative ability. Your mind is squarely set on achieving your goals.

To see a smoke stack in your dream suggests that there is something rising out of your subconscious and into your awareness. There is a situation that requires your immediate attention before it gets out of hand. Alternatively, a smoke stack symbolizes industry and hard work. A smoke stack may also be seen as a phallic symbol and refer to ual release.

To dream that you are playing solitaire indicates that some action needs to be completed before you can move onto the next phase. Success is a step by step process; it will not happen immediately. Alternatively, playing solitaire in your dream may imply that you are isolating yourself. You want to succeed on your own terms.

To make or drink a smoothie in your dream is analogous to how your life is going. It is a smooth road ahead for you.

If you do not smoke in waking life and dream that you are smoking, then it indicates that you are trying to shield yourself and others against your emotions. You have trouble letting others in.The dream may also be a metaphor for an addictive relationship or habit in your waking life.

To dream that you are skinning yourself means that you are revealing your true self. You want others to know exactly who you are.

To see someone in a ski mask represents the shadow aspect of your persona.

To drink soda in your dream indicates that you need to be more bubbly or vivacious. Liven up! Alternatively, the dream suggests that you need to be refreshed or rejuvenated.

To dream about slavery indicates that you are not utilizing your power. You are putting power in someone elses hands and allowing them to make choices and decide for you. Alternatively, the dream means that you are experiencing a lack of autonomy and independence.

To dream that you are a sniper or are being attacked by one represents hidden aggression that you need to acknowledge. You need to express your anger in a more controlled and healthy manner.

To see or hear a smoke detector in your dream represents a potentially harmful situation that requires your quick action and st response. You need to react quickly or else deal with the consequences. Consider what waking situation is in need of your immediate attention. Alternatively, the dream suggests that you are able to see through someones cade or true intentions. You are able to get to the heart of the matter.

To see or wear slippers in your dream suggest that you are feeling sluggish and/or insecure. You feel that you do not have a strong foothold in some situation. Alternatively, wearing slippers represent domesticity, ease, comfort, and/or relaxation. This dream symbol may mean that you need to relax. Or you are relaxing too much and are being lazy.

To look up at the clear blue sky in your dream denotes hope, possibilities, creativity, peace and freedom of expression. As the saying goes the skys the limit. If the sky is cloudy and overcast, then it foretells of sadness and trouble.

To dream that you find something in the snow suggests that you are exploring and accessing your unused potential, abilities, and talents. You have uncovered some hidden talent and ability within yourself. It may also refers to a need to forgive.

To see skywriting in your dream represents a spiritual message. It signifies a connection and union between the spiritual realm and the physical realm. You are looking for some reassurance.

To dream that you are laying sod indicates that your hard work and effort will pay off in the end. You are laying out a firm foundation for you and your mily.

To see a snow globe in your dream signifies your desires for peace and serenity. Consider the scene depicted inside the snow globe and the corresponding significance. The dream may indicate that you are longing for some aspect of your past.

Todream that you are at a sleepover indicates that there is a situation that you are refusing to see or accept. You need to be more alert and pay attention to what is going around you. Alternatively, the dream suggests that you need to let your guard down and learn to be more open and receptive.

To smell death in your dream refers to a situation that has long been dead. It is time to stop dwelling on the past and move on.

Dreaming that the sky lowers itself and touches the roof of your house suggests that you may be setting your sights or goals too low. Perhaps you are lowering your standards. Alternatively, to dream that the sky is touching your roof represents spiritual guidance. Something or someone is looking out for you.

To dream that you marry someone in order save their soul refers to the sacrifices you are in that situation or relationship. You always play the role of the protector in the relationship and try to shield others from being hurt.

To see a skeleton in your dream represents something that is not fully developed. You may still in be the planning stages of some situation or project. Alternatively, a skeleton symbolizes death, transformation, or changes. You need to get to the bottom of some matter. The skeleton may also be a metaphor for skeletons in your closet. Do you have something to hide?

To see a green ed sky in your dream symbolizes high hopes. The strange of the sky helps to instantly draw your attention to it. The green and the sky itself both represent hope, nature or creativity. So these are the qualities that you need to focus on. It is also indicative of a positive outlook and prosperous future.

To dream of smudging implies that you need to rid yourself of some negative energy in your life. It is time to make a fresh, clean start. Alternatively, dreaming about smudging refers to your character flaws.

To see the skin of a snake in your dream represents protection from illnesses.

To dream that you have sores on your body suggest that you are keeping in some negative emotions and attitudes that need to be released and expressed. Consider the symbolism of the body area where the sores are located. Perhaps the dream is an indication that you are still feeling sore and resentful about some situation or relationship.

To see a snowflake in your dream represents purity and perfection. It also signifies your iniduality and uniqueness.

To see a single sock in your dream is a pun on hitting someone or being hit. Or perhaps the dream means that you have been hit with some surprising information or news.

To dream that you are sliding represents a loss of control.meaningsby

Dreaming that spaceships are lling out of the sky and crashing into earth implies that your ideas may be too outlandish and rfetched. Perhaps you have set unrealistic goals for yourself and you are just setting yourself up for ilure.

To free slaves in your dream implies that you are liberating an aspect of yourself that you have been suppressing or that you have previously not expressed.

To dream that you are picking snot out of your nose indicates that you are ready to confront some subconscious material.

To dream that a skull is trying to swallow you indicates that you are literally being consumed by some danger.

To see a sommelier in your dream indicates that you are looking for advice on some decision or the direction you should take in life.

To dream that you are skinning an animal implies that you want to make your animalistic desires known.

To see the ace of spades in your dream symbolize spontaneity, mischievous, and/or heartlessness. It also represents authority and extreme competitiveness. You are afraid of losing.

Similarly to food, to dream about soup represents emotional hunger or nourishment. In addition, soup also signifies comfort and healing. Consider the contents inside the soup and its symbolism.

To see a snail in your dream suggests that you are being overly sensitive. You are feeling inhibited, but desire to be more outgoing and energetic. Alternatively, a snail suggests that you are steady progress toward a goal. You need to go at your own pace.

To dream of the winder solstice symbolizes rebirth and rejuvenation. The dream signals new beginnings.

To see or ride a ski lift in your dream indicates that you are achieving new s and overcoming your fears. You have a command over your emotions and are confronting those feelings and inhibitions that you have repressed.You are close to bringing them to the suce.

To see a snake with a head on each end in your dream suggests that you are being pulled in two different directions. You are feeling overburdened and do not know whether you are coming or going. Your actions are counterproductive. Perhaps the dream represents some complicated love . Alternatively, the dream signifies your desires for children. If you see a twoheaded snake in your dream, then it refers to cooperation and teamwork in some relationship.

To dream that you are soaring through the air symbolizes freedom from restrictions. You have successfully escaped or gotten out from a burdening situation or relationship.

To see or wear a ski mask in your dream refers to a dark secret you are keeping. Alternatively, it refers to your desire for anonymity in a situation.

Dreaming that someone is snitching on you refers to your fear of being discovered or exposed. You are hiding something that is weighing on your conscience.

To see a snout in your dream suggests that you have a keen sense of smell. The dream may be analogous to your ability to sniff out some problem or suspicious activity. Pay attention to your intuition. Also consider the animal that the snout is from.

To smell something in your dream indicates your past experiences and feelings you associate with that particular smell. Your dream is trying to convey a feeling with a miliar smell or scent. Alternatively, the scent may be part of your real environment which you have incorporated into your dream.

To see smog in your dream symbolizes your negative emotions. You may be feeling upset and fearful of a situation or relationship. Alternatively, smog suggests that you have not fully understood a situation to make an informed decision.

Dreaming about a souvenir is symbolic of life experiences. Material things are not as important as the experiences and memories you create.

Dreaming that dogs are being slaughtered or disemboweled represent a bitter ending to a friendship. It indicates betrayal and/or misplaced trust.

To see a red ed sky in your dream represents looming danger. Alternatively, it suggests that something is coming to an end. If the sky is white, then it symbolizes desires. If you dream of a ful sky in your dream, then it denotes romance.

To dream that you have a lack of soul or no soul suggests that you are feeling spiritually lost. You need to find yourself and find what will makes you feel whole as a person.

To see a snow fox in your dream highlights your feelings of loneliness, either by choice or by circumstances. You are experiencing an isolation period.

To see your soninlaw in your dream means that you are going with the flow. You dont like to cause trouble or create disagreements.

To see a sloth in your dream indicates your passivity in a situation. You need to assert yourself and make your presence known. The sloth is also symbolic of gentleness, laziness or lack of ambition.

To dream that you are sowing seeds represent new beginnings and ideas. You are laying the groundwork for some major groundwork. The dream may also be a metaphor for or some ual act.

To see a skull in your dream symbolizes danger, evil or death. Alternatively, a skull represents the intellect or secrets of the mind. You are keeping certain things hidden.

To dream that you are wearing only a slip represents your inidualism. You are trying not to be like everyone else and wanting to find your own way. You are showing courage by standing by your own beliefs. Alternatively, wearing a slip indicates that you are revealing a part of yourself that was once unknown.

To see a skyscraper in your dream represents your high ideals, creativity, accomplishments and imagination. You always aim high at whatever you do. The skyscraper is seen as a metaphor for the foresights and achievements of man. Alternatively, the dream represents the phallus.

To dream that you are skiing suggests that you are pushing yourself and putting your mental and/or physical ability to the test. You are your own fiercest competitor.

To see someone sleeping in your dream is a reflection of yourself and your own subconscious mind. It is telling you that you may not be alert or informed about a particular situation. More specifically, to see your parents sleeping implies that you are turning a blind eye to certain things that would normally bother you. To see your boyfriend sleeping in your dream indicates that you are refusing to see a problem in the relationship. You are afraid to confront or bring up the issue.

To see a dead snake in your dream means that a threat has passed.

To see snow in your dream signifies your inhibitions, unexpressed emotions and feelings of frigidity. You need to release and express these emotions and inhibitions. Alternatively, snow means that you are feeling indifferent, alone and neglected. If the snow is melting, then it suggests that you are acknowledging and releasing emotions you have repressed. You are overcoming your fears and obstacles.If you are driving in the snow, then it means that you need to be extra cautious about how your approach your goals.

If you dream that you are wearing skis and going about your day, then it points to your daily challenges. The dream may also imply that you are feeling awkward in a situation. Perhaps you are headed in the wrong direction. In particular, if you are trying to climb up a ladder while wearing skis, then it indicates that you are succeeding despite those around you telling you that you will il.

To dream about South America suggests that you are trying to resolve some conflict or conquer the obstacles in your life. Alternatively, the dream also refers to spontaneity.

To dream that you are playing in the snow indicates that you need to set some time for fun and relaxation. Alternatively, the dream means that you need to take advantage of opportunities that arise; otherwise such opportunities will disappear.

To dream that slugs are coming out from inside your body suggest that you are having difficulties expressing some aspect of your emotion. Consider where in your body are the slugs coming out from.

To dream of a snake without a head or without any eyes implies that you are refusing to see the danger in a situation. Alternatively, it means that you are being blindsided.To see a bodiless snake in your dream refers to some biting or cutthroat remarks.

To see a sleeping bag in your dream represents warmth and protection. You are expressing a desire to slowly explore the realm of your subconscious. Alternatively, a sleeping bag may be analogous to regressing back to the womb where you were completely dependent.

To dream that your skin is different suggests that you are not being true to yourself. Look up the specific for additional meaning. If your skin is darker than your true skin, then it may mean that you are trying to hide or blend into the . If it is lighter than your true skin, then it symbolizes fear. Alternatively, it may be a sign of sickness. Perhaps a call to the doctor is in order.

To dream that the sky is lling represents your fear of the unknown. You feel that your hopes and dreams have been shattered. Perhaps you have been too idealistic and the dream is an attempt to bring you back to reality.

To see a snake or be bitten by one in your dream signifies hidden fears and worries that are threatening you. Your dream may be alerting you to something in your waking life that you are not aware of or that has not yet suced. If you dream that a snake is submerged in water, then it implies that you are unknowingly letting your emotions influence aspects of your life.If the snake tangles itself, then it represents a subsiding threat. Something that you thought was going to be a problem has resolved itself. Alternatively, the snake may be seen as phallic and thus symbolize temptation, dangerous and forbidden uality.More specifically, to see a snake on your bed suggests that you are feeling ually overpowered or ually threatened. You may be inexperienced, nervous or just unable to keep up.If you are afraid of the snake, then it signifies your fears of , intimacy or commitment. The snake may also refer to a person around you who is callous, ruthless, and cant be trusted. As a positive symbol, snakes represent healing, transformation, knowledge and wisdom. It is indicative of selfrenewal and positive change. In particular, if you dream of a multied or brightly ed snake, then it is a clear warning about something bad happening. Dreaming of a red snake highlights the positive characteristics of the snake, as well as your fiery passion. Seeing a green snake in your dream indicates a misunderstanding. It also symbolizes someone who is not as bad as you had assumed.meaningsby m

To dream that you are smart indicates that you hold the knowledge to make some important decision in your life. The dream is reaffirming your abilities to proceed with whatever you want to do. Dont underestimate yourself. Alternatively, the dream may be up for your insecurities about your brain power.

To hear or sniffle in your dream signifies a growing problem in your waking life, especially if it is not dealt with properly. You are not expressing yourself in an effective way.

To see the solar system in your dream suggests that you are lacking direction in your life. You have a wandering mind. If applicable, look up the specific planet for additional significance in the Dream M**ds dream dictionary.

To dream that you are snorkeling suggests that you are exploring your emotions and trying to understand why you feel the way you do about certain things. It may also indicate that you are looking back at past emotions and what you can learn from those experiences.meaningsby DreamMoods

To see or eat soybean in your dream implies that you are expressing some health concern. Perhaps, you need to adapt a healthier life. Alternatively, the dream suggests that there is some decision or situation that you are thinking hard about. In Spanish, soy means I am and thus the dream could be a pun on the self.

To see or use a smartphone in your dream represents your immediate connection to the world around you. Someone out there is always listening. On the other hand, these connections may be giving you a lse sense of community or feeding into your feelings of inadequacies.

To dream that someone or something is smaller than usual represents feelings of insignificance, helplessness and unworthiness. Alternatively, you may be literally trying to knock this person down to . Perhaps it suggests that you or someone in your life has an inflated ego and need to be taught a lesson.

To dream that you sneeze indicates a life of ease and joy. Alternatively, it suggests inner healing.

To dream that you are a slave suggests that you are not taking charge of your own life. You may be a slave to your job, to your mily, to some habit, or to some obsession. In particular, to dream that you are a slave implies that you are too submissive when it comes to . Perhaps you need to take more of an initiative or be more dominant.

To see or play a slot machine in your dream suggests that you need to be more careful with your spending. Or you need to allocate your time and energy to something more productive.Alternatively, a slot machine symbolizes luck and chance. Perhaps the dream is telling you to take a gamble on something. Go for it.

To see or dream that you are a soldier signifies discipline, structure, rigidity and your staunch attitude. You are imposing your opinions and feelings on others. Alternatively, a soldier means that you are preparing yourself to do battle over an issue. You feel the need to defend your beliefs, values and opinions.

Dreaming that your skin is melting, deteriorating, or developing holes implies that you are losing your defenses. Your guard is down. Alternatively, the dream means that you are being worn down.

To see or play with a Slinky toy in your dream denotes your flexibility and adapility to any situation. It also indicates your ability to take action quickly.

To see a snapdragon in your dream symbolizes forgiveness and kindness. Alternatively, the dream may be a metaphor that you are being snappy.

To feel sleepy in your dream suggests that you are letting an opportunity pass you by if you do not take action. You need to pay more attention to your surroundings. Perhaps you are lacking knowledge or awareness in some area or issue.

To see or install solar panels in your dream mean that you are receptive to spiritual advice and guidance. Alternatively, the dream suggests that you are feeling physically and/or emotionally drained and need to explore an alternative source of energy.

To see or dream that you are getting a sonogram signifies a new and developing phase in your life. Perhaps you are starting a new relationship, switching jobs or relocating. The dream may also reflect your actual concerns about a pregnancy or your desires to have children.

To dream that your skin is covered with rashes or other skin deformities signifies your fear of cing a harsh reality. You are afraid of a wrong impression. The dream may also be a pun that you are a rash decision. If you dream that your skin has been burned, then it implies that you are unwilling let down your guard. Your line of defense has been compromised. This dream may also be a metaphor that you are getting burned or humiliated by someone or some situation.

To dream that your smartphone screen is cracked suggests that you have been careless about what you are saying or sharing with others. Perhaps the dream is telling you that your perception is flawed or skewed.

To dream that something is lling out of the sky signifies your pessimistic attitude. You are losing perspective on a situation. If the object is getting closer and casting a shadow on you, then it indicates that you are being ignorant about some situation. You need to get out from under the shadow and gain a different perspective on things.

To dream that you are wearing socks signifies warmth and comfort. Alternatively, to see socks in your dream indicate that you tend to yield to others wishes. You are flexible and understanding in your thinking.

To dream that you or someone is snoring indicates that you are completely oblivious to what is going around you. Life is passing you by. The dream may also be a reflection of your waking surroundings. You have incorporated the actual sound of snoring by you or by your sleep partner into your dream scenario.

To see sludge in your in dream represents your rejected or shameful emotions. It also symbolic of low esteem. Consider the source and of the sludge to pinpoint what emotion your dream may be highlighting.

To see or dream that you are a snake charmer refers to control over your ual desires.

To see a spaceship in your dream symbolizes your creative mind. It denotes a spiritual journey into the unknown and signals selfdevelopment and selfawareness. Alternatively, the dream suggests that you need to take on a different perspective, no matter how bizarre or unusual it may be.

To buy or shop for a souvenir in yourdream means that youneed to focus on the positive aspects of your life. Look past the negativity.

To see someone or dream that you have a soul patch refers to your eccentric thinking. You are vocal about your opinions and thoughts.

To feel sore in your dream indicates that you are feeling worn down by some emotional issue.

To dream that a snake is eating another snake represents your drive and determination to succeed at whatever cost.

To dream that you are small and everyone is normal d suggests that you are suffering from low selfesteem and/or a sense of helplessness. Perhaps you are being overlooked.

To feel something soft in your dream signifies a warm and welcoming situation. Perhaps the dream is telling you that you are too rough or hard and need to soften up.

To dream of your skin represents protection or shield of your inner self. It serves as a physical boundary and how close you let others get to you. Alternatively, your skin indicates that you are being too superficial or shallow.

To see or ride a skateboard in your dream indicates that you have the gift of any difficult situation look easy. You carry yourself with , grace and composure in the hardest of situations. Alternatively, the dream signifies your free and funloving side.

To dream that you are playing soccer suggests that you are suppressing your uality or aggression and expressing it in a more socially acceple manner. From a Freudian perspective, sports generally serve as a disguise for attitudes about as a aggressive act. Hence soccer can be seen as a pun on sock her. Alternatively, the game of soccer parallels to how you function and how you run your life when confronted with challenges. You need to be able to think quickly on your feet, if you are going to succeed. The soccer game also reflects you competency, integrity, strengths and weaknesses.

To dream that you are sleep talking or that someone told you that you were talking in your sleep means that you are feeling distant with someone who you were once close with. There is a lack of communication or understanding in the relationship. Alternatively, sleep talking in your dream is a sign that there is something you are afraid of talking about.

Dreaming of a space shuttle launch implies that a project, relationship or idea is about to take off in a sudden and spectacular way. You are moving toward a goal with full momemtum.

To see soap in your dream indicates that you need to wash away some of your past emotions or memories. You may also be feeling emotionally dirty or guilty and are trying to wash away the shame. Perhaps you need to confess something.

To dream that you or others are smiling means that you are pleased with your achievements and approve of the decisions you have made. You will be rewarded for the good things you have done for others. Alternatively, a smile indicates that you are in search of something or someone that will make you happy.

To dream that you are in or watching a soap opera indicates that your life is like a drama. Perhaps you are identifying with a character in the soap opera.Also consider the title of the soap opera. For example, All My Children may refer to some drama you are experiencing with your children. Guiding Light suggests that you need more spirituality in your life.

If you are eaten by a snake in your dream, then it means that someone is taking advantage of you. Dreaming of a snake eating your child represents someone who you fear is harming your child in some way. Perhaps you do not trust your childs judgment and are afraid that she is being manipulated by others. The dream may also symbolize your fears of letting go.

To dream that you slap someone suggests that you are harboring some repressed anger and deepseated rage.

To see a space capsule or a space shuttle in your dream signifies exploring the unknown. It parallels a situation in your waking life where you find yourself in a new surrounding.

To see or make sound waves in your dream indicates that you are in tune with your own feelings or the feelings of others. Alternatively, sound waves symbolize the ups and downs of your emotions.

To dream that your or someone is doing a somersault suggests that you like to do things in excess. You need to show some restraint.

To see smoke rings in your dream indicate that your judgment is being clouded. You are lacking focus.

To dream that you are at a spa suggests that you need to take time out and pamper yourself. Perhaps you need to come clean and wash away some old secrets, pains, or guilt. It is time to let your emotions out and begin the healing process. Start fresh.

To see or dream that you are in a slaughterhouse suggests that you may need to compromise an aspect of yourself in order to move ahead.

To dream that you are slapped in the ce indicates carelessness. You either feel unappreciated or betrayed.

Todream that you or someone else is skinless suggests that you are having difficulties in sensing your emotional and psychological world. You are experiencing anxieties about how you are being perceived by others. You need to look beyond the superficial and find the truth about yourself and about others.

To hear or write a song in your dream indicates that you are looking at things from a spiritual viewpoint. Consider the words to the song that you are dreaming about for additional messages. The lyrics can represent a message from your subconscious. Or the lyrics can serve as your voice to express how you are really feeling. Alternatively, the song may be communicating some advice about a situation or relationship.

In particular, dreaming of foamposite sneakers means that you want others to take note of your actions.

To dream that are skating symbolizes your ability to maintain a balance in your life. You are progressing through your lifes path and working toward your goal. Alternatively, the dream may be a metaphor that you are skating over some matter. In other words,you are just getting by. Perhaps you are tying to avoid some issue or not devoting enoughattention to a problem.

To dream that you or somebody is on a slide indicates that you are experiencing some insility in your waking life. You have lost your grip on a situation or relationship.

To see a baby snake in your dream means that you are underestimating some threat in your waking life.

To see soot in your dream symbolizes immortality. In particular, if you are covered in soot, then it signifies your subconscious and the negative aspects of yourself. It is the part of yourself that you fear or are ashamed of.

To see different smiley ces in your dream represents your range of emotions. You are feeling emotionally overwhelmed. Alternatively, the dream suggests that your feelings are being trivialized or that someone is discounting how you feel.

To see your son in your dream signifies your ideal, hopes, potential, and the youthful part of yourself. On the other hand, to see your son in your dream may not have any significance and may be simply mirroring your waking relationship with him. The dream may also be a pun on sun.

To see or play with a slingshot in your dream represents the negative aspects of your childhood. You are feeling defensive about something. The dream may be brought about by some waking conflict that mimic your experiences from childhood.

To see or eat spaghetti in your dream symbolizes longevity, nourishment and abundance. Alternatively, eating spaghetti indicates that you find yourself entangled in some messy relationship or uncomforle position. Perhaps you are not sure how to end a relationship or situation.

Please see also Dream MoodsCommon Dreams Flying.

Dreaming that you are slandering someone implies your growing mistrust of others. You are suspicious of everyones intentions.

To see slugs in your dream indicate that you are progressing through life in a slow, steady, and persistent manner. Perhaps you are moving painfully slowly toward a goal.Alternatively, the dream may be a pun on feeling sluggish.

To see someone smoking in your dream depends on your own personal associations with smoking. However, it often indicates some sort of dissension, disagreement or rebellion.

**See The Meaning In Action Spaceship In The Old West End Of The World

To see or play with a Skeeball machine in your dream indicates that you do not let slim chances of success deter you from going after your goals.

To dream that you are an exsoldier represents your ability to yield in your decisions and your way of thinking. You need to change your approach toward your goal.

To see a skunk in your dream suggests that you are driving people away or turning them off. Alternatively, the dream indicates that your suppressed anger is on the verge of exploding. You are not expressing your true feelings even though you do not agree with a decision.

To dream of the direction south indicates life, expectations, and questions. Alternatively, the dream may symbolize love, passion and warmth. Or the dream may be a metaphor that a plan has gone south or gone awry.

To see smoke in your dream indicates some sort of trouble that is entering your life. You are suffering from confusion and anxiety. In particular, if the smoke is black, then it means that you are not seeing some situation or problem clearly.If you dream of white smoke, then it implies that your emotions are clouding your judgment. Alternatively, white smoke symbolizes an agreement or consensus.

To dream that you are wearing snowshoes means that you are unbothered by negativity. You keep going even when others try to hold you back or tell you that you cant do it.

To dream that a skull is talking to you suggests that aspects of yourself that you have suppressed or rejected is starting to come back to the suce. These aspects will not be denied any longer and must be dealt with on a conscious level.

To see or draw a sketch of yourself in your dream suggests that you need to view a situation from a different perspective. The dream may also be a metaphor that you need to draw out or recognize some aspect of yourself.

To see or be in contact with soil in your dream symbolizes growth and fertility. It also represents a solid foundation for life. You need to approach your goals with practicality. If the soil is hard and dry, then it indicates that you are not being true to yourself. You are trying to hide under a hard shell. The dream may also be analogous to something that is soiled or tainted.

To dream that you are being a snobindicates your tendency to prejudge and look down on others. Perhaps you have misjudged a situation.

To see dirty snow in your dream refers to a lost in innocence, impurity and uncleanness. Some aspect of yourself or situation has been tainted.

To dream that you are sleeping denotes peace of mind. Alternatively, it means that you are ignorant of the conditions and circumstances around you. If you dream of sleeping together with someone in a nonual manner, then it suggests that you are avoiding some issue or situation that is being symbolized by the person. If you do not know this person, then it indicates that you are refusing to recognize a negative or hidden aspect of yourself.Sleeping may also be synonymous with death in that it beckons renewal and new beginnings.

To see snowdrops in your dream symbolize rebirth, hope, and new opportunities after a period of inactivity. You are emerging from a time of darkness with a fresh attitude. The dream may also be a metaphor for snow dropping or snow lling. Perhaps you are preoccupied with the weather and hope that it doesnt ruin your plans.

To see or wear sneakers in your dream suggest that you are approaching through life with ease and little obstacles. It also denotes comfort and satisction with yourself and who you are. Alternatively, the dream indicates that you lead an active life and are always on the go.

If you do not have a son and dream that you are searching for him represents the undeveloped masculine aspect of your own self. You need to acknowledge the youth and child in you.

To dream about society in general represents your connection to those around you. You need to expand your relationships and create a cooperative network.

To hear someone say sorry in your dream highlights forgiveness and letting go.

To dream that you are skinny dipping indicates that you are freely and openly exploring aspects of your subconscious.

To dream that something of value turn into soap suggests that you are not taking care of the things you treasure. Something you value is being washed down the drain.

To blow smoke rings in your dream refer to your carefree and relaxed attitude. You dont care what others think of you.

To see or use a sledgehammer in your dream suggests that you need to break down the walls that you have created around you.

If the soda is bitter, sour or offtasting, then something or someone is preventing you from enjoying life to the fullest. Something is holding you back from fully expressing yourself.

To breathe or see secondhand smoke in your dream suggests that your ignorance in some matter is doing your harm.

To dream that you are at a skatepark means that you are not afraid of confronting obstacles that may stand in your way. You confront these obstacles head on without hesitation.

To dream that you are snoozing signifies ignorance. You are unaware or oblivious to the problems that are surrounding you and are letting opportunities pass you by. Consider the phrase you snooze, you lose.

To dream that you snitch on someone indicates insecurity. You are feeling threatened.Dreasmall machinem Moods